大收煞
The Grand Finale
指全本戏剧的收场戏。这一术语包含对戏剧全场收束的要求:自然合理而非生硬地交代剧中人物的结局、事件结果,让观众体验到情节有呼有应、有放有收、有始有终、有因有果,心理由紧张到舒释、由期待到满足的审美愉悦, 有“团圆之趣气”。李渔所言“团圆”不仅是骨肉分离而终聚、有情人终成眷属之类的圆满结局,而是指戏剧结构如同一个完整的环,收场戏就是扣上这个环的最后一步,也是戏剧的高潮。
This term refers to the final part of a drama. It contains a requirement as to how a dramatic or operatic performance should end; i.e., a natural and reasonable rather than stiff outcome of the characters and events in a play, making it possible for the audience to experience the pleasure of a complete plot with both calls and echoes, expansion and withdrawal, a start and an end, a cause and an effect, and a transformation from tension to relief and from expectation to satisfaction. In a word, a good conclusion should feature“a happy outcome for all” as Li Yu said. This means not only the reunion of a family after a period of separation or the wedding of a loving couple, but also the completion of a play’s circuitous structure. The final part of a play is the last step taken to close that circuit and reach a climax.
🎈「收场戏」指一场戏的末尾,故而译为final part of a drama。
🎈在翻译“人物的结局、事件结果”时,“结局”与“结果”的含义是相同的,指“收场;最后结束的部分”,故而合译为一处,译作“outcome of the characters and events”,使得译文简洁流畅
🎈在翻译“让观众体验到情节有呼有应、有放有收、有始有终、有因有果,心理由紧张到舒释、由期待到满足的审美愉悦, 有“团圆之趣气””一句时,译文将其译为一个结果状语从句(making it possible for the audience to experience the pleasure of a complete plot with both calls and echoes…),表示戏剧如果做到了“自然合理而非生硬地交代剧中人物的结局、事件结果”,就能产生“使得观众获得审美愉悦等满足”,译出了原文中所暗含的逻辑关系。
🎈在翻译“有呼有应、有放有收、有始有终、有因有果”一句文言文色彩较为浓厚的句子时,译文将其处理为一系列的名词短语“calls and echoes, expansion and withdrawal, a start and an end, a cause and an effect”,使得译文简洁流畅,又最大程度的保留了原文的行文结构。
🎈在处理“有“团圆之趣气””一句的翻译时,因为这是一句总结性和概述性的句子,所以译文增译出了“in a word”,表示“总而言之;总的来说”之意,表达出了原文中所暗含的总结性的逻辑关系;此外,本句译文将原文下一句“李渔所提出”合译为一处,而下一句的译文则是对“团圆”的含义进行具体的解释,如此翻译使得译文更具有逻辑性。
🎈在翻译“骨肉分离而终聚、有情人终成眷属”一句时,“骨肉”代指家庭,故而译为“family”,“分离而终聚”意思是在分开一段时间后终于团聚在一起,故而译为“the reunion of a family after a period of separation”;而“有情人终成眷属”指的是相爱的人最终结为夫妻,故而译为“wedding of a loving couple”。
🎈在翻译“而是指戏剧结构如同一个完整的环,收场戏就是扣上这个环的最后一步,也是戏剧的高潮”一句时,译文将原文中的明喻转为暗喻,将“戏剧结构如同一个完整的环”译为了“戏剧结构是一个完整的环”(play’s circuitous structure),使得译文更加符合英文的行文习惯;而在翻译“扣上这个环的最后一步”时,译文直接翻译为“结束的最后一步”(the last step taken to close),简洁明了。
🎈重点表达
大收煞 The Grand Finale
收场戏 the final part of a drama
呼应 calls and echoes
放收(收放) expansion and withdrawal
始终 a start and an end
因果 a cause and an effect
骨肉分离而终聚 the reunion of a family after a period of separation
有情人终成眷属 wedding of a loving couple