《白杨礼赞--茅盾 》 -英语翻译技巧与实例-英汉互译实用教程

白杨礼赞–茅盾

Tribute to the White Poplar –Mao Dun
🔥《白杨礼赞》是茅盾在抗日战争期间1941年3月写的一篇著名散文。作者用象征的手法,通过对白杨树的赞美,热情歌颂中国共产党领导下的人民革命和伟大的民族精神。
 
🎈礼赞:以崇敬的心情称赞表扬。此文,作者借礼赞白杨,向抗战期间保家卫国的同胞战士们致以崇高的敬意。
 
白杨树实在是不平凡的,我赞美白杨树!
The white poplar is no ordinary tree. Let me sing its praises. 
🎈no可修饰单数可数名词、复数可数名词和不可数名词,相当于not a(n) 或not any。be+ no+ N.表示否定意义。同样的用法在老舍的《想北平》一文也出现过:Alas, I am no poet!「可我不是诗人!」
🎈 “我赞美白杨树”译为“Let me sing its praises”:”含有说话者的意图,故译文用祈使句表达,和I shall sing its praises同义。复习一下,郭沫若的《墓》中有一句是:这便是我自己的坟墓了「Let this be my own grave」
🎈to sing one’s praises是一个常用短语,意为「高度赞扬;热情表扬」,英义是If you sing someone’s praises, you praise them in an enthusiastic way.
 

当汽车在望不到边际的高原上奔驰,扑入你的视野的,是黄绿错综的一条大毡子;
When you travel by car through Northwest China’s boundless plateau, all you see before you is something like a huge yellow-and-green felt blanket.
🎈先看中文句子:“当汽车……”,这个从句的主语是“汽车”,而参考译文将主语灵活处理成you,把“坐乘汽车”处理为了方式状语by car。
补充
「by+交通工具」的详细用法
1.by+ 交通工具名词单数: 表示乘坐或采用某种交通工具出行。
      (中间没有a/an/the或其他词)
      by bus 搭公交车  by bike骑自行车
      by car 搭汽车     by train搭火车
类似表达:take + a /the + 交通工具名词单数
      take a bus 搭公交车  take a plane乘飞机 
      take a ship 乘船    take a taxi搭的士
      若要表达骑自行车,则用ride,不用take
      ride a bike骑自行车
2.易错点:by +交通工具,不能紧跟在主语后
      主语后的必须是动词。
      He by bus to school. ❌
      He goes to school by bus. ☑️
      =He takes a bus to school.
      他搭公交车去上学。
      He will take a taxi to the station.
      = He will go to the station by taxi.
      他将搭的士去车站。
3.by + water/land/sea/air 表示交通方式
      by water经水路 by land 经陆路
      by sea 经海路   by air 搭飞机
🎈“是黄绿错综的一条大毡子”译为something like a huge yellow-and-green felt blanket,其中something like是为适应英语上下文而增添的成分,变隐喻为明喻,使译文读来更顺当。又yellow-and-green(或yellow and green)和yellow green不同,前者为黄绿杂处,构成一种花色,后者为黄绿混合,即绿中带黄。
🎈译文Northwest China’s boundless plateau增译出了Northwest,和读者交代背景信息。本篇散文前半部分先写黄土高原,目的有二,其一交代白杨树的生长环境,衬托了它傲然挺立的形象;其二描写了陕甘宁边区这个抗日根据地,为后文揭示象征意义做铺垫.
🎈高原 plateau
平原plain
盆地basin
 

黄的,那是土,未开垦的处女土,几十万年前由伟大的自然力所堆积成功的黄土高原的外壳;
Yellow is the soil—the uncultivated virgin soil. It is the outer covering of the loess plateau accumulated by Mother Nature several hundred thousand years ago.
🎈yellow在此处为名词,yellow作为N.的例子还有:She was dressed in yellow. /the reds and yellows of the trees
🎈“处女”在中英文中有相同含义,即表示首次,如处女作his first published novel。
🎈英文中,破折号可用于连接两个描述对象一致的断句,起补充解释说明的作用。

绿的呢,是人类战胜自然的结果,是麦田,和风吹送,翻起了一轮一轮的绿波
Green are the wheat fields signifying man’s triumph over nature. They become a sea of rolling green waves whenever there is a soft breeze. 
🎈是人类战胜自然的结果→表明人类战胜了自然,故译为man’s triumph over nature。
🎈“风吹麦浪”的铺开叙述是不是很美?如果学有余力,可以按句为单位对译文进行记忆。
 

——这时你会真心佩服昔人所造的两个字“麦浪”, 
One is here reminded of Chinese expression mai lang meaning “rippling wheat” and cannot help admiring our forefathers’ ingenuity in coining such a happy phrase. 
🎈如果在汉译英时,遇到了“就像中文表达、汉字……”,可以参考此处的处理:Chinese expression/character
🎈真心佩服→忍不住、情难自已,故译为cannot help doing
Q:真心佩服的是难道真的是“麦浪”两个字吗?
🎈实则不然。佩服的是祖先造字的智慧.
 

若不是妙手偶得,便确是经过锤炼的语言的精华;
It must have been either the brainwave of a clever scholar, or a linguistic gem sanctioned by long usage.
🎈妙手偶得「释义:妙手:技艺高超的人。指文学修养很高的人,由于偶发灵感而写出的佳句、佳作。也指巧妙地办成某事」出自宋·陆游《文章》。故译为the brainwave of a clever scholar
🎈“经过锤炼的语言的精华”译为“a linguistic gem sanctioned by long usage”。gem除去「宝石」之意,还有「难能可贵的人/物」之意。

黄与绿主宰着,无边无垠,坦荡如砥,这时如果不是宛若并肩的远山的连峰提醒了你(这些山峰凭你的肉眼来判断,就知道是在你脚底下的),你会忘记了汽车是在高原上行驶。
The boundless highland, with dominant yellow and green, is flat like a whetstone. Were it not for distant mountain peaks standing side by side (which, as your naked eyes tell you, are below where you stand), you would probably forget that you are on the highland.
🎈 “坦荡如砥”意即平坦得像一块磨刀石,现直译为flat like a whetstone,保留原文的比喻。
🎈黄与绿主宰着→以黄绿色为主,故灵活译为with dominant yellow and green
🎈Were it not for distant mountain peaks还原回去为:If it were not for distant mountain peaks
 
🎈省略if的虚拟条件句
在虚拟条件句中,如果从句中含有were/had/should等词时,可将if省去,把were/had/should提到主语之前,引起倒装;若句中无were/had/should等词,则不能省略if,也不能用倒装结构。
 

这时你涌起来的感想也许是“雄壮”,也许是“伟大”,诸如此类的形容词;
The sight of the scene will probably call up inside you a string of epithets like “spectacular” or “grand”.
🎈 call something up: to bring something back to your mind。近义词:recall“想起,回忆起”
🎈 「涌起来的……感想」译作 call up… inside you/call up inside you…
🎈 「诸如此类的形容词」译为a string of epithets
a string of 一连串

然而同时你的眼睛也许觉得有点倦怠,你对当前的“雄壮”或“伟大”闭了眼,而另一种味儿在你的心头潜滋暗长了
Meanwhile, however, your eyes may become weary of watching the same panorama, so much so that you are oblivious of its being spectacular or grand.
🎈 “你对当前的‘雄壮’或‘伟大’闭了眼”意即你对眼前的景色不再感到“雄壮”或“伟大”,现译为you are oblivious of its being spectacular or grand,其中oblivious of作“忘却”或“不觉得”解。
🎈“潜滋暗长”意即“逐渐开始”,现译为coming on。英语短语to come on作to begin by degree解。 
🎈so much…that和so much so that比so…that和so that在语气上更强。
例句1
I was so much tired that I couldn’t walk on.
我极度疲倦,走不动了。
例句2
She is hungry, so much so that she had to go begging.
她很饿,饿到不得不去乞讨。
 

——“单调”!可不是,单调,有一点儿吧? 
And you may feel monotony coming on. Yes, it is somewhat monotonous, isn’t it? 
🎈somewhat表示“有点儿……”
 

然而刹那间,要是你猛抬眼看见了前面远远地有一排,——不,或者甚至只是三五株,一二株,傲然地耸立,像哨兵似的树木的话,那你的恹恹欲睡的情绪又将如何?
Now what will become of your weariness if you suddenly raise your eyes only to catch sight of distant row of trees (or just a couple of them) standing there proudly like sentries.
🎈“恹恹欲睡”作“困倦”解,故译为weariness。
🎈only to表示和本来意思相反的意思 only to do 的意思是“不料(却)……,结果(却)……”, 表示一个没有料到的结果。 I hurried to the supermarket, only to find it was closed. 我匆忙赶到超市,不料它已经关门了。
🎈此处「看见」译为catch sight of。知识点涉及《武峰十二天》中的“谓语动词过渡”:在汉语中,若出现强势动词,翻译为英语时不能直接找强势动词,而要找弱势动词对强势动词进行过渡。比如「我买了一辆车」译为I made a purchase of a car.而不是 I bought a car.
🎈谓语动词过渡可当做一种处理方法,但过度使用则会与另一派翻译观点简明翻译相冲撞,造成译文累赘不堪。翻保证信息正确的前提下,翻译方法没有对错可言,但会对读者的阅读感受造成很大影响。大家要具体情况具体对待。
 

我那时是惊奇地叫了一声的!
For my part, I cannot keep from uttering an exclamation of surprise! 
🎈cannot keep from uttering体现出当时情不自禁的“惊呼”
🎈惊奇地叫了一声utter an exclamation of surprise。同理,兴奋地叫了一声: utter an exclamation of excitement
 

那就是白杨树,西北极普通的一种树,然而实在不是平凡的一种树!
They are white poplars. Though very common in Northwest China, they are no ordinary trees! 
🎈though的用法 conj.  (连词)
1、though引导让步状语从句时表示一种假设的情况或含有推测的意味,从句的谓语动词可用陈述式,也可用虚拟式;有时为了强调让步的意义,可采用倒装语序。
2、在用though连接的从句中,谓语是be,而从句的主语与主句的主语相同时,从句的主语与be可同时省略。
 

那是一种力争上游的一种树,笔直的干,笔直的枝。
With straight trunks and branches, white poplars aim high.
🎈力争上游,胸怀大志 aim high
 

它的干呢,通常是丈把高,像是加过人工似的,一丈以内,绝无旁枝;
Their trunks are usually over ten feet tall and, as if wrought by human effort, utterly bare of branches below ten feet.
🎈汉译英时,注意度量单位的转换。如“丈,码等”要换算成“英尺”「1英尺=0.3048米」
🎈积累一种新的否定表达:“绝无旁枝”中的“无”译作“bare of”
 

它所有的丫枝呢,一律向上,而且紧紧靠拢,也像是加过人工似的,成为一束,绝无横斜逸出;
Their twigs, also like things artificially shaped, all reach out towards the sky and grow close together in a cluster without any sideway growth.
🎈all的位置
①动词be的后面
例句
I am all at sea.
我不知所措。
②实意动词前
例句
We all want to buy that shoes.
我们全都想买那双鞋. 
③助动词、情态动词与行为动词之间
例句
We can all get it.
我们全都能得到它.
🎈成为一束 grow close together in a cluster
🎈“横斜逸出”指树枝从树干的旁边斜伸出来,现译为sideway growth。
 

它的宽大的叶子也是片片向上,几乎没有斜生的,更不用说倒垂了;
Their leaves are broad and point upwards with very few slanting sideways, much less upside down.
🎈「much less 」更不用说
放在一个否定成分后面,表示“更不”,因为less的意义可以从“更少”过渡到“更不”。这里的much并不加重less的语气。后面的成分,在结构上与前面的相同,即使是变位动词亦可。
例句
The cloud of treason hanging over him was enough to guarantee that no one ever trusted, much less listened to him ever again.
悬在他头上的背叛乌云,已足以保证谁也不会再信任他,更不会再听他的。
🎈upside down: 我们在描述“贴福字”的时候就可以说put/place Fu upside down.
 

它的皮,光滑而有银色的晕圈,微微泛出淡青色。
Their glossy barks are a faint light green with hazy silver spots.
🎈淡青色light green
深绿色dark green

这是虽在北方的风雪的压迫下却保持着倔强挺立的一种树!
They stand erect and unbending in face of North China’s violent wind and snow.
🎈erect and unbending的用法类似于safe and sound

哪怕只有碗来精细罢,它却努力向上发展,高到丈许,二丈,参天耸立,不折不挠,对抗着西北风。
Though they may be only as big as the mouth of bowl, they strive to grow upwards until they reach the towering height of some twenty feet and stand indomitable against the northwest wind. 
🎈as… as…结构,表示“和……一样”,其否定形式为not so/as… as;该结构前可以用nearly, almost, nothing like(绝对不),just, twice等词修饰,表示某种程度的相等。
🎈努力向上发展strive to grow upwards
🎈不折不挠,对抗着 stand indomitable against
 

这就是白杨树,西北极普通的一种树,然而决不是平凡的树!
They are white poplar. Though very common in Northwest China, they are no ordinary tree!
🎈补充
common sense常识
common people普通人,老百姓
🎈“这就是白杨树”如果译文把they换成these,译为“These are……”,则是平铺直叙,少了一层“赞美,自豪”、“把白杨树当做一个群体”的情感,细细体会差别哦,不然就背下来。
 


它没有婆娑的姿态,没有屈曲盘旋的虬枝,也许你要说它不美丽,——如果美是专指“婆娑”或“横斜逸出”之类而言,那么白杨树算不得树中的好女子;
You may call them unattractive because they have neither the graceful carriage of a dancer, nor such branches as can twine and climb.
🎈“屈曲盘旋”意即弯弯曲曲地向上爬,现译为twine and climb。 
🎈 “婆娑的姿态”译作the graceful carriage of a dancer(舞者优美的身姿),carriage作不可数名词,意为“仪态;姿态”。
🎈 “如果美是专指“婆娑”或“横斜逸出”之类而言,那么白杨树算不得树中的好女子”,这么一长串归结为了“不迷人,无风情unattractive”。中文描述确实很美,但对等译成英文,效果则会不尽如人意。大家在翻译时要努力培养自己增译、省译的感觉。这里就是张培基老先生的翻译涵养体现之处了,入门阶段甚至是学习了很长一段时间的小伙伴,也只能“路漫漫其修远兮,吾将上下而求索”了。
 

但是它却是伟岸,正直,朴质,严肃,也不缺乏温和,更不用提它的坚强不屈与挺拔,它是树中伟丈夫!
But nevertheless they are big and tall, honest and upright, simple and plain, earnest and unyielding—and not without gentleness and warmth though. They are giants among trees!
🎈“伟岸”意即“高大”,现译为big and tall。
🎈译文把“伟岸,正直,朴质,严肃”,“坚强不屈与挺拔”[白杨树的优点]]放在了一起。
🎈树中伟丈夫→树中巨树,现译为giants among trees
 

当你在积雪初融的高原上走过,看见平坦的大地上傲然挺立这么一株或一排白杨树,难道你觉得树只是树?
When you trudge through the melting snow of the highland and see one or a row of white poplars standing proudly on the vast plains, how could you look upon them as nothing but mere trees?
🎈 trudge: 缓慢或吃力地走
大家有兴趣的话,可以自行查阅下列近义词,进行辨析:
trudge, shuffle, trudge, stroll, stagger, stride, strut, saunter, ramble, loiter, meander, roam, creep, prowl, toddle, roam, march, pace, patrol, stalk, tread, tramp, plod
 

难道你就不想到它的朴质,严肃,坚强不屈,至少也象征了北方的农民;
How could you forget that with all their simplicity, earnestness and unyieldingness, they are symbolic of our peasants in the North?
🎈难道你…… How could…?
对比区分how could和how can
例句
How could you live like this?
你怎么会是这样生活的?
(意思是你本不该是这种情况的,有惊奇和怜悯的味道)
How can you live like that?
你怎么活成那样了?
(即已成事实,你是怎么到这份上了,有责怪味道)
🎈方位与地名(《武峰十二天》)
West Africa 西非(人为划分的行政区域)
Western Beijing 北京的西部(自然地里意义上的范围)
The west of Beijing 北京的西边(不在北京范围之内)
 

难道你竟一点也不联想到,在敌后的广大土地上,到处有坚强不屈,就像这白杨树一样傲然挺立的守卫他们家乡的哨兵?
How could you fail to associate them with our dauntless soldiers guarding our homeland all over the vast rear?
🎈“守卫他们的家乡的哨兵”中的“哨兵”实际上指“士兵”或“战士”,不宜译为sentries。全部短语应译为soldiers guarding our homeland。
🎈fail to表否定意义,大家今天要注意把表示否定意义的短语积累到一块,比如no+N.,bare of,without,fail to等等。
🎈在敌后的广大土地上 all over the vast rear。rear作名词,意为……的后面。注意与形近词rare(稀有的)区分。
Q:“守卫他们家乡的哨兵”中的“他们”为什么译作“our”?
🎈“他们”也是中国人,是同胞吖,抗日战争下的同胞们都是一体的,哪来你我他之分。
 

难道你又不更远一点想到这样枝枝叶叶靠紧团结,力求上进的白杨树,宛然象征了今天在华北平原纵横激荡,用血写出新中国历史的那种精神和意志。
How could you fail to see that these trees, ever striving to put out their closely knit branches and leaves in an upward direction, are symbolic of the spirit and will of our men who, fighting heroically all over the northern plains, are writing the history of New China with their own blood? 
🎈“纵横激荡”意即到处同敌人英勇战斗,现译为fighting heroically。 
🎈难道你竟不想到…… How could you fail to see that…
🎈枝叶叶靠紧团结 closely knit branches and leaves
🎈力求上进→白杨枝叶的生长方向是向上的,故译为in an upward direction。
🎈象征,代表are symbolic of;symbolize;represent
🎈 ever striving…和fighting…是伴随状语。
 

白杨不是平凡的树。它是西北极普遍,不被人重视,就跟北方农民相似;
White poplars are no ordinary trees. But these common trees in Northwest China are as much ignored as our peasants in the North. 
🎈as much ignored as
as…as…结构表示同等程度的比较
 

它有极强的生命力,磨折不了,压迫不倒,也跟北方的农民相似。
However, like our peasants in the North, they are bursting with vitality and capable of surviving any hardship or oppression.
🎈增译逻辑词however表明转折关系
🎈“有极强的生命力”译为are bursting with vitality,其中burst with意同full of。
 

我赞美白杨树,就因为它不但象征了北方的农民,尤其象征了今天我们民族解放斗争中所不可缺的朴质,坚强,以及力求上进的精神。
I pay tribute to them because they symbolize our peasants in the North and, in particular, the spirit of honesty, tenacity and forging ahead—a spirit central to our struggle for national liberation. 
🎈赞美 pay tribute to
🎈“我们民族解放斗争中所不可缺的……”译为…central to our struggle for national liberation,其中central to意同essential to。 不可或缺其实就是核心,即核心品质、核心精神。学习欣赏此处将定语“所不可缺的”选用破折号后解释补充说明进行翻译的方法。
 

让那些看不起民众,贱视民众,顽固的倒退的人们去赞美那贵族化的楠木(那也是直干秀颀的),去鄙视这极常见,极易生长的白杨罢,但是我要高声赞美白杨树!
The reactionary diehards, who despise and snub the common people, can do whatever they like to eulogize the elite nanmu (which is also tall, straight and good-looking) and look down upon the common, fast-growing white poplar. I, for my part, will be loud in my praise of the latter! 
🎈顽固的倒退的人们→顽固的反动派,现译为reactionary diehards
🎈“楠木”是一种常绿乔木,质地坚硬,为贵重木材,现译为namu。译文中在括号里对nanmu进行了解释。
🎈“秀颀”意即美丽而高大。现译为good-looking and tall。 
🎈 whatever引导名词性从句。
🎈“白杨树”在一句话中重复出现,不能都译成poplar,要选用其他的词进行代替,the latter用的非常巧妙。
 
🔥必背词汇
tribute  n.致敬,颂词,献礼
英义
A tribute is something that you say, do, or make to show your admiration and respect for someone.
例句
He paid tribute to the organising committee.
他赞扬了组委会。
 
praise  v.高度赞扬;热情表扬
英义
If you sing someone’s praises, you praise them in an enthusiastic way.
例句
Ottershaw’s been singing your praises for years…
奥特肖多年来对你一直高度赞赏。
 
erect   v.直立的;竖直的
英义
People or things that are erect are straight and upright.
例句
Her head was erect and her back was straight.
她抬头挺胸。
 
elite  adj.精英的;精锐的;最优秀的
英义
Elite people or organizations are considered to be the best of their kind.
例句
the elite troops of the President’s bodyguard
精锐的总统卫队
 
despise    v.鄙视;藐视;看不起
英义
If you despise something or someone, you dislike them and have a very low opinion of them.
例句
She secretly despises his work…
她暗地里瞧不起他的工作。
 
tenacity    n.坚韧;坚毅
英义
If you have tenacity, you are very determined and do not give up easily.
例句
Talent, hard work and sheer tenacity are all crucial to career success.
事业要成功,才能、勤奋和顽强的意志都至关重要。
 
dauntless   adj.勇敢的;无畏的
英义
A dauntless person is brave and confident and not easily frightened.
例句
their dauntless courage
他们无所畏惧的勇气
 
indomitable    adj.不屈不挠的;不气馁的;不服输的
英义
If you say that someone has an indomitable spirit, you admire them because they never give up or admit that they have been defeated.
例句
He was utterly indomitable.
他毫不气馁。
 
eulogize  v.称赞;颂扬
英义
If you eulogize someone or something, you praise them very highly.
例句
Taylor eulogised about Steven’s versatility.
泰勒称赞史蒂文多才多艺。
 
monotony   n.单调乏味;无变化;一成不变
英义
The monotony of something is the fact that it never changes and is boring.
例句
A night on the town may help to break the monotony of the week.
进城住一晚或许有助于消除一周生活的单调。
 
🔥重点表达
白杨礼赞Tribute to the White Poplar
高度赞扬;热情表扬sing one’s praises
望不到边际的高原 boundless plateau
扑入你的视野的是all you see before you is
黄绿错综的一条大毡子 a huge yellow-and-green felt blanket
处女土virgin soil
自然力Mother Nature
黄土高原的外壳the outer covering of the loess plateau
是人类战胜自然的结果signifying man’s triumph over nature
和风吹送,(麦田)翻起了一轮一轮的绿波They become a sea of rolling green waves whenever there is a soft breeze.
麦浪rippling wheat
妙手偶得the brainwave of a clever scholar
经过锤炼的语言的精华a linguistic gem sanctioned by long usage
黄与绿主宰着 with dominant yellow and green
坦荡如砥flat like a whetstone
宛若并肩的远山的连峰 distant mountain peaks standing side by side
起来的……感想call up… inside you/call up inside you…
诸如此类的形容词a string of epithets
一连串a string of
你对当前的“雄壮”或“伟大”闭了眼 you are oblivious of its being spectacular or grand
忘却,不觉得oblivious of
潜滋暗长,逐渐开始to come on,to begin by degree
恹恹欲睡weariness
……又将如何? What will become of…?
看见catch sight of
惊奇地叫了一声utter an exclamation of surprise
力争上游,胸怀大志 aim high
像是加过人工似的as if wrought by human effort
绝无旁枝 utterly bare of branches
成为一束 grow close together in a cluster
横斜逸出sideway growth
更不用说much less
贴福字put/place Fu upside down
淡青色light green
深绿色dark green
努力向上发展strive to grow upwards
不折不挠,对抗着 stand indomitable against
常识common sense
普通人,老百姓common people 
屈曲盘旋twine and climb
婆娑的姿态 the graceful carriage of a dancer
伟岸big and tall
树中伟丈夫giants among trees
难道你…… How could…?
朴质,严肃,坚强不屈simplicity, earnestness and unyieldingness
在敌后的广大土地上 all over the vast rear
守卫他们家乡的哨兵dauntless soldiers guarding our homeland
“纵横激荡”意即到处同敌人英勇战斗 fighting heroically
难道你竟不想到…… How could you fail to see that…
枝叶叶靠紧团结 closely knit branches and leaves
象征,代表are symbolic of;symbolize;represent
力求上进in an upward direction
有极强的生命力are bursting with vitality
赞美 pay tribute to
尤其in particular
我们民族解放斗争中所不可缺的…… …central to our struggle for national liberation
顽固的倒退的人们reactionary diehards
秀颀good-looking and tall
看不起 despise/look down upon
 
🔥复盘测试
白杨礼赞
高度赞扬;热情表扬
望不到边际的高原
扑入你的视野的是
黄绿错综的一条大毡子
处女土
自然力
黄土高原的外壳
是人类战胜自然的结果
和风吹送,(麦田)翻起了一轮一轮的绿波
麦浪
妙手偶得
经过锤炼的语言的精华黄与绿主宰着 
坦荡如砥
宛若并肩的远山的连峰
起来的……感想
诸如此类的形容词
一连串
你对当前的“雄壮”或“伟大”闭了眼
忘却,不觉得
潜滋暗长,逐渐开始
恹恹欲睡
……又将如何? 
看见
惊奇地叫了一声
力争上游,胸怀大志
像是加过人工似的绝无旁枝
成为一束
横斜逸出
更不用说
贴福字
淡青色
深绿色
努力向上发展
不折不挠,对抗着
常识
普通人,老百姓
屈曲盘旋
婆娑的姿态
伟岸
树中伟丈夫
难道你……
朴质,严肃,坚强不屈
在敌后的广大土地上
守卫他们家乡的哨兵
“纵横激荡”意即到处同敌人英勇战斗 
难道你竟不想到…… 
枝叶叶靠紧团结
象征,代表
力求上进
有极强的生命力
赞美
尤其
我们民族解放斗争中所不可缺的…… 
顽固的倒退的人们
秀颀
看不起
 
🔥表达对比
「高度赞扬,褒奖」有几种表达?
 
但是我要「高声赞美」白杨树!
I, for my part, will be loud in my praise of the latter! 
 
我「赞美」白杨树!
Let me sing its praises
 
我「赞美」白杨树,就因为…… 
pay tribute to them because…
 
客人们「高度赞扬」了他们在少年宫看到的这些孩子及他们的表演。
The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that they saw at the Children’s Palace.
 
他「高度赞扬」美国的宗教自由愿景,并请求人们理解犹太人遭受的历史苦难。
He made a strong pitch for America’s own vision of religious freedom, and called for understanding of the historical suffering of Jews.
 
我帮手他们提高听、说能力,他们的父母「高度赞扬」了我。
I helped them improve their listening and speaking. Their parents thought highly of me.
 
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未经允许不得转载:帕布莉卡 » 《白杨礼赞--茅盾 》
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