帕布莉卡故都的秋–郁达夫
Autumn in Peiping –Yu Dafu
🔥《故都的秋》是郁达夫（1896-1945）的名篇，1934年8月写于北平。文章通过对北国特有风物的细腻描绘，抒发作者对故都之秋的无比眷恋之情。
秋天，无论在什么地方的秋天，总是好的；可是啊，北国的秋，却特别地来得清，来得静，来得悲凉。
Autumn, wherever it is, always has something to recommend itself. In North China, however, it is particularly limpid, serene and melancholy.
🎈“总是好的”不宜按字面直译。现译为always has something to recommend itself，其中to have…to recommend…作“有……可取之处”解。「根据语境，“总是”通常可译为always，often，forever等，酌情选择」
🎈方位与地名《武峰十二天》
West Africa 西非（人为划分的行政区域）
Western Beijing 北京的西部（自然地里意义上的范围）
The west of Beijing 北京的西边（不在北京范围之内）
我的不远千里，要从杭州赶上青岛，更要从青岛赶上北平来的理由，也不过想饱尝一尝这“秋”，这故都的秋味。
To enjoy its atmosphere to the full in the onetime capital, I have, therefore, made light of travelling a long distance from Hanghou to Qingdao, and thence to Peiping.
🎈“不远千里，要从杭州赶上青岛……”译为have made light of travelling a long distance from Hangzhou to Qingdao…，其中to make light of是成语，作“对……不在乎”解。
🎈 也不过（想）（饱尝一尝）这“秋”，这故都的秋味→（为了）（充分享受）秋天的氛围，现译作To enjoy its atmosphere to the full in the onetime capital
江南，秋当然也是有的，但草木凋得慢，空气来得润，天的颜色显得淡，并且又时常多雨而少风；
There is of course autumn in the South too, but over there plants wither slowly, the air is moist, the sky pallid, and it is more often rainy than windy.
🎈“the air is moist, the sky pallid”中，后半句省略了is。并列句中，如果后面句子和前面句子有相同的成分，往往都会省略，以免重复。E.g. To some smile is very easy, and to others (smile is) so hard.
🎈 时常多雨而少风 is more often rainy than windy
「同样的比较结构运用还有It’s better late than never.晚做总比不做好」
一个人夹在苏州上海杭州，或厦门香港广州的市民中间，浑浑沌沌地过去，只能感到一点点清凉，秋的味，秋的色，秋的意境与姿态，总看不饱，尝不透，赏玩不到十足。
While muddling along all by myself among the urban dwellers of Suzhou, Shanghai, Xianmen, Hong Kong or Guangzhou, I feel nothing but a little chill in the air, without ever relishing to my heart’s content the flavour, colour, mood and style of the season.
🎈只能感到一点点清凉 feel nothing but a little chill
🎈“总看不饱，尝不透，赏玩不到十足”不宜逐字直译。译文without ever relishing to my heart’s content…中用relishing to my heart’s content概括原文中的“看……饱”、“尝……透”、“赏玩……”等。
秋并不是名花，也并不是美酒，那一种半开，半醉的状态，在领略秋的过程上，是不合适的。
Unlike famous flowers which are most attractive when half opening, good wine which is most tempting when one is half drunk, autumn, however, is best appreciated in its entirety.
🎈那一种半开，半醉的状态，在领略秋的过程上，是不合适的→秋需要从entirety（全程，而非“半”的状态）的角度被领略
🎈译文巧妙地将“花半开时最美，酒致人半醉时最香”用两个which……when……译了出来。
不逢北国之秋，已将近十余年了。
It is more than a decade since I last saw autumn in North.
🎈自……，已经…（多久）…了It is…… since……
🎈遇到“10”，除了ten,还可考虑decade
在南方每年到了秋天，总要想陶然亭的芦花，钓鱼台的柳影，西山的虫唱，玉泉的夜月，潭柘寺的钟声。
When I am in the South, the arrival of each autumn will put me in mind of Peiping’s Tao Ran Ting with its reed catkins, Diao Yu Tai with its shady willow trees, Western Hills with their chirping insects, Yu Quan Shan Mountain on a moonlight evening and Tan Zhe Si with its reverberating bell.
🎈“每年到了秋天，总要想起陶然亭的芦花……”译为the arrival of each autumn will put me in mind of Peiping’s Tao Ran Ting with its reed catkins…，其中to put one in mind of…是成语，作“使人想起……”解。译文中的Peiping’s是添加成分，以便国外读者理解句中所列各景点的所在地是北平。
🎈钟声回响 reverberating bell
🎈柳影→成荫的柳树shady willow trees；
玉泉的夜月→夜月的玉泉a moonlight evening；
潭柘寺的钟声→钟声回响的潭柘寺Tan Zhe Si with its reverberating bell；
重心在“柳”、“玉泉”、“潭柘寺”，“影”、“夜月”、“钟声”只是修饰成分。
在北平即使不出门去罢，就是在皇城人海之中，租人家一椽破屋来住着，早晨起来，泡一碗浓茶，向院子一坐，你也能看到很高很高的碧绿的天色，听得到青天下驯鸽的飞声。
Suppose you put up in a humble rented house inside the bustling imperial city, you can, on getting up at dawn, sit in your courtyard sipping a cup of strong tea, leisurely watch the high azure skies and listen to pigeons circling overhead.
🎈假设……Suppose/image you…
🎈结合句子所描述的场景，“在北平即使不出门去罢”省译。
🎈租人家一椽破屋来住着put up in a humble rented house
put up表示投宿、留宿；humble有粗陋、简陋、不起眼之意
从槐树叶底，朝东细数着一丝一丝漏下来的日光，或在破壁腰中，静对着像喇叭似的牵牛花（朝荣）的蓝朵，自然而然地也能感觉到十分的秋意。
Turn eastward under locust trees to closely observe streaks of sunlight filtering through their foliage, or quietly watch the trumpet-shaped blue flowers of morning glories climbing half way up a dilapidated wall, and an intense feeling of autumn will of itself well up inside you.
🎈自然而然地也能感觉到十分的秋意→浓浓的秋意自行在心中升起，现译为an intense feeling of autumn will of itself well up inside you。
说到牵牛花，我以为以蓝色或白色者为佳，紫黑色次之，淡红色最下。最好，还要在牵牛花底教长着几根疏疏落落的尖细且长的秋草，使作陪衬。
As to morning glories, I like their blue or white flowers best, dark purple ones second best, and pink ones third best. It will be most desirable to have them set off by some tall thin grass planted underneath here and there.
🎈说到，提及 as to/speaking of
🎈最喜……，……次之，……最下 like… best, … second best, … third best
🎈“dark purple ones second best, and pink ones third best.”中为避免重复，用ones代替flowers。
北国的槐树，也是一种能使人联想起秋来的点缀。
Locust trees in the North, as a decorative embellishment of nature, also associate us with autumn.
🎈北国的槐树，也是一种能使人联想起秋来的点缀→北国的槐树，作为一种点缀，也能使人联想起秋来。译文将“点缀”处理为插入语；如果译作Locust trees in the North are a decorative embellishment of nature that can associate us with autumn.也不是不可以，但此种译法将句子重心放在了embellishment上，而句子本在强调“也能使人联想起秋来”。
像花而又不是花的那一种落蕊，早晨起来，会铺得满地。脚踏上去，声音也没有，气味也没有，只能感出一点点极微细极柔软的触觉。
On getting up early in the morning, you will find the ground strewn all over with flower-like pistils fallen from locust trees. Quiet and smelless, they feel tiny and soft underfoot.
🎈还记得《养花》里的一进门就大喊的送牛奶工（a milkman exclaimed on entering our gate）吗?这句话中的on getting up中on也是同样的用法，表示“……时”。
🎈find the ground strewn (all over) with flower-like pistils 是“find+宾语+宾补”结构。其中，be strewn with译为”撒满，布满” E.g. The way ahead is strewn with difficulties.前面的路困难重重。除此之外，花状的是flower-like；喇叭状的是trumpet-shaped。
🎈feel是感官动词，用主动语态即可。如：It tastes good.尝起来不错。
扫街的在树影下一阵扫后，灰土上留下来的一条条扫帚的丝纹，看起来既觉得细腻，又觉得清闲，潜意识下并且还觉得有点儿落寞，
After a street cleaner has done the sweeping under the shade of the trees, you will discover countless lines left by his broom in the dust, which look so fine and quiet that somehow a feeling of forlornness will begin to creep up on you.
🎈 “潜意识下觉得有点儿落寞”现译作“somehow a feeling of forlornness will begin to creep up on you”
🎈“既觉得细腻，又觉得清闲”中的“清闲”意同“幽静”，故译为quiet。对于散文里描写人物景色的形容词的翻译，译者需要有充足的词汇量，并且熟知单词用法，从而精准用词。
古人所说的梧桐一叶而天下知秋的遥想，大约也就在这些深沉的地方。
The same depth of implication is found in the ancient saying that a single fallen leaf from the wutong tree is more than enough to inform the world of autumn’s presence.
🎈大约也就在这些深沉的地方→这样深刻的含义（同样包含在这句古语中），故译为The same depth of implication is found in the ancient saying that
🎈梧桐一叶而天下之秋：从一片叶子的凋落，就知道秋天就要到来。比喻通过个别的细微的迹象，可以看到整个形势的发展趋向与结果。出自《淮南子·说山训》。
秋蝉的衰弱的残声，更是北国的特产；因为北平处处全长着树，屋子又低，所以无论在什么地方，都听得见它们的啼唱。
The sporadic feeble chirping of cicadas is especially characteristic of autumn in the North. Due to the abundance of trees and the low altitude of dwellings in Peiping, cicadas are audible in every nook and cranny of the city.
🎈A是B的特征；B以A为特点 A be characteristic of B
🎈hear-audible（可以听见的） eat-edible（可食用的） see-visible(可看见的)
🎈无论在什么地方in every nook and cranny。[之前我们见过的表达式in every nook and corner]
在南方是非要上郊外或山上去才听得到的。这秋蝉的嘶叫，在北平可和蟋蟀耗子一样，简直像是家家户户都养在家里的家虫。
In the South, however, one cannot hear them unless in suburbs or hills. Because of their ubiquitous shrill noise, these insects in Peiping seem to be living off every household like crickets or mice.
🎈增译逻辑词however，表转折对比。
🎈非要上郊外或山上去才听得到 one cannot hear them unless in suburbs or hills
🎈大家只要听过蝉的叫声，肯定都懂那种“被‘知了知了……’360°立体环声包围“的感觉，所以译文补充出了ubiquitous「adj. 无处不在的」
🎈“可和蟋蟀耗子一样，简直像是家家户户都养在家里的家虫”译为seem to be living off every household like crickets or mice，其中to live off (= to live on)中成语，作“靠……生活”解，用以表达“养在……的家虫”。
还有秋雨哩，北方的秋雨，也似乎比南方的下得奇，下得有味，下得更像样。
As for autumn rains in the North, they also seem to differ from those in the South, being more appealing, more temperate.
🎈differ from=be different from
🎈至于，关于 as to/for
「补充」as for (至于,就……方面说)和 as to (至于；关于)这两个复合介词在含义上相当接近,但在用法上有所差别。下面谈它们的这些差别.
| 1．as for
1)用以转换话题：在有前文的情况下as for总是出现在下文的句首,用来引出另外一方或者新的谈话内容,但与前文内容也有一定的联系,起到补充前文又突出后文的作用,使之与前文形成对照,译作“至于”.例如： ①You have a bed；as for him, he’ll have to sleep on the floor． ②Much pasture land is underwater；and as for the grain, most of that has been ruined． 2)用以表现态度：as for还可以用来表示讲话人对某人或某物持有“轻蔑”或“冷淡”的态度,甚至有憎恶之感,讲话时要重读引出的词语并在其后稍作停顿,以示强调,口气上带有嘲讽意味,译作汉语的“至于……嘛”.例如： ①As for you,I never want to see you here in my home again． ②As for his songs, I suppose you’ve read the sarcastic reviews ! |
| 2．as to
1)表示涉及某点：as to常放于句中,表示“关于……方面”、“有关……之事”,但为了突出要提及的人或事之时,也可将as to置于句首,以示强调.但只涉及内容,而不涉及讲话人的态度.例如： ①His wife, an old teacher, has no complaint as to salary． ②As to your ability to overfulfil the target, I never had the slightest doubt． 2)用以重提旧事：as to引出的内容都是前文曾经提到过的或者谈话对方都有所了解的,表示“说到”之义.,例如： ①As to doing that,I haven’t decided yet． ②As to the question you raised in your last letter, I think that it is unanswerable． 3)用于提出问题：as to必须位于句中,前面出现的大都是表达某种心理活动的动词,形容词或名词,其后引接出wh-clause或who-to-v结构,表示“在……的问题上”、“就……问题来讲”,所引出的问题都有很强的针对性.但有人认为这里的罄to显得多余,去之亦通.所以,有时也不必译出.例如： ①There is some doubt as to whether the proposal is practicable． ②I enquired of the clerk as to which documents were needed． 4)引出做事的依据：as to还有“按照”、“根据”的含义,而as for则无此义.例如： ①The shoes are correctly placed on the shelf as to size and colour． ②The items on the agenda are listed as to order of importance． |
🎈“更像样”意即“更有节制”，故译为more temperate。
在灰沉沉的天底下，忽而来一阵凉风，便息列索落地下起雨来了。
A sudden gust of cool wind under the slaty sky, and raindrops will start pitter-pattering.
🎈忽而来一阵凉风A sudden gust of cool wind
🎈pitter-patter 拟声词，形容“噼里啪啦”的声响
例句
What is that pitter patter on the roof?
那些在房顶上噼啪作响的是什么?
一层雨过，云渐渐地卷向了西去，天又青了，太阳又露出脸来了；
Soon when the rain is over, the clouds begin gradually to roll towards the west and the sun comes out in the blue sky.
🎈一层雨过→一场雨过→雨后
🎈译文将“天又青了”和“太阳有露出脸来了”合并到一起，译为the sun comes out in the blue sky，简洁明了。
著着很厚的青布单衣或夹袄的都市闲人，咬着烟管，在雨后的斜桥影里，上桥头树底下去一立，遇见熟人，便会用了缓慢悠闲的声调，微叹着互答着说：
Some idle townsfolk, wearing lined or unlined clothing made of thick cloth, will come out pipe in mouth and, loitering under a tree by the end of a bridge, exchange leisurely conversation with acquaintances with a slight touch of regret at the passing of time
🎈都市闲人 idle townsfolk
🎈will come out pipe in mouth改为will come out with a pipe in mouth
🎈“wearing…”和“loitering…”均表伴随状态。
🎈根据上下文，“微叹”是“感怀时光的消逝”，故以释义法译为with a slight touch of regret at the passing of time。
“唉，天可真凉了——”
“可不是么？一层秋雨一层凉了！”
“Oh, real nice and cool—“
“Sure! Getting cooler with each autumn shower!”
🎈一层秋雨一层凉→一场秋雨一场寒，译为Getting cooler with each autumn shower
北方的果树，到秋来，也是一种奇景。第一是枣子树；屋角，墙头，茅房边上，灶房门口，它都会一株株地长大起来。
Fruit trees in the North also make a wonderful sight in autumn. Take jujube tree for example. They grow everywhere—around the corner of a house, at the foot of a wall, by the side of a latrine or outside a kitchen door.
🎈一种奇景,一道亮丽的风景线a wonderful sight
🎈“举例，例如”可以用for example和take…for example。但要注意，take…for example必须另开一个句子。
像橄榄又像鸽蛋似的这枣子颗儿，在小椭圆形的细叶中间，显出淡绿微黄的颜色的时候，正是秋的全盛时期；
It is at the height of autumn that jujubes, shaped like dates or pigeon eggs, make their appearance in a light yellowish-green amongst tiny elliptic leaves.
🎈全盛时期 at the height of；in one’s prime/heyday
🎈多个形容词修饰同一名词时，排序如下↓：
①限定词（a/an, the, this, his, one, first, etc.）
②表示特征或性质等描述性形容词（good, pretty, etc.）
③表示大小、长短、高低的形容词
④表示形状的形容词（round, elliptical, square, etc.）
⑤表示年龄、新旧的形容词（old, young, new, etc.）
⑥表示颜色的形容词
⑦表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词（American, southern, Italian, etc.）
⑧表示物质材料的形容词（wooden, rocky, tin, etc.）
⑨表示用途、类别的形容词（medical, writing, etc.）
等枣树叶落，枣子红完，西北风就要起来了，北方便是尘沙灰土的世界，
By the time when they have turned ruddy and the leaves fallen, the north-westerly wind will begin to reign supreme and make a dusty world of the North.
🎈“西北风就要起来了”译为the northwesterly wind will begin to reign supreme，其中to reign supreme强调“占优势”之意。
只有这枣子、柿子、葡萄，成熟到八九分的七八月之交，是北国的清秋的佳日，是一年之中最好也没有的golden days。
Only at the turn of July and August when jujubes, persimmons, grapes are 80-90 percent ripe will the North have the best of autumn—the golden days in a year.
🎈七八月之交 at the turn of July and August
🎈golden days黄金时间
golden week 黄金周
有些批评家说，中国的文人学士，尤其是诗人，都带着很浓厚的颓废色彩，所以中国的诗文里，颂赞秋的文字特别的多。
Some literary critics say that Chinese literati, especially poets, are mostly disposed to be decadent, which accounts for predominance of Chinese works singing the praises of autumn.
🎈be disposed to do倾向于
🎈见到“所以”不一定要翻译成so，本句译文灵活处理为account for「导致」
🎈颂赞秋的文字特别的多→颂赞秋的文字占据优势（predominance）[复习：“颂赞”sing the praises of又出现啦]
但外国的诗人，又何尝不然？
Well, the same is true of foreign poets, isn’t it?
🎈又何尝不然？/又何尝不是？the same is true…
🎈isn’t it?是反意疑问句（Tag Question）
我虽则外国诗文念得不多，也不想开账来，做一篇秋的诗歌散文钞，
I haven’t read much of foreign poetry and prose, nor do I want to enumerate autumn-related poems and essays in foreign literature.
🎈注意nor do I的倒装
🎈开账来→铺开列举enumerate。做一篇秋的诗歌散文钞→“钞”同“抄”，有“摘选”之意。故整体译为to enumerate autumn-related poems and essays in foreign literature.
但你若去一翻英德法意等诗人的集子，或各国的诗文的anthology来，总能够看到许多关于秋的歌颂与悲啼。
But, if you browse through collected works of English, German, French or Italian poets, or various countries’ anthologies of poetry or prose, you can always come across a great many literary pieces eulogizing or lamenting autumn.
🎈prose和essay的区别
Prose 泛指所有用「白话」写出的文学作品，其中包括prose fiction, prose nonfiction, prose poem 等等。与prose 相反的是poetry，其语言并不一定遵循白话的语法结构。
Essay 属于prose nonfiction 中expository nonfiction 的一种，长度不限，可为几段，也可为几页。一篇essay 通常围绕thesis statement 展开，作者在接下段落通过各种举例论证来阐述观点，目的是使读者信服。
🎈a great many整体属于形容词性，用来修饰可数名词，如 a great many people (许许多多人)、a great many books (非常多的书) 。
各著名的大诗人的长篇田园诗或四季诗里，也总以关于秋的部分，写得最出色而最有味。
Long pastoral poems or songs about the four seasons by renowned poets are mostly distinguished by beautiful moving lines on autumn.
🎈由sb.写的书/文章……，可译为……by sb.
🎈因……而出色/备受青睐、受欢迎 be distinguished by…
足见有感觉的动物，有情趣的人类，对于秋，总是一样的能特别引起深沉，幽远，严厉，萧索的感触来的。
All that goes to show that all live creatures and sensitive humans alike are prone to the feeling of depth, remoteness, severity and bleakness.
🎈足见，足以见得 All that goes to show that
🎈alike的用法
①n.+ alike 诸如此类的人
②adv. E.g.英雄所见略同great minds think alike.
🎈倾向于 be disposed to/ be prone to
不单是诗人，就是被关闭在牢狱里的囚犯，到了秋天，我想也一定会感到一种不能自已的深情；秋之于人，何尝有国别，更何尝有人种阶级的区别呢？
Not only poets, even convicts in prison, I suppose, have deep sentiments in autumn in spite of themselves. Autumn treats all humans alike, regardless of nationality, race or class.
🎈“感到不能自已的深情”译为have deep sentiments…in spite of themselves，其中in spite of oneself是成语，作“不由自主地”解。
🎈regardless of 不管
不过在中国，文字里有一个“秋士”的成语，读本里又有着很普遍的欧阳子的《秋声》与苏东坡的《赤壁赋》等，就觉得中国的文人，与秋的关系特别深了。
However, judging from Chinese idiom qiushi (autumn scholar, meaning an aged scholar grieving over frustrations in his life) and the frequent selection in textbooks of Ouyang Xiu’s On the Autumn Sough and Su Dongpo’s On the Red Cliff, Chinese men of letters seem to be particularly autumn-minded.
🎈“秋士”是古汉语，指“士之暮年不遇者”，现译为qiushi (autumn scholar, meaning an aged scholar grieving over frustrations in his life)。
🎈“欧阳子的秋声”即“欧阳修所作的《秋声赋》”，现译为Ouyang Xiu’s On the Autumn Sough。
🎈〈赤壁赋〉为苏东坡所作，借秋游赤壁，抒发自己的人生感慨。可译为On the Red Cliff或Fu on the Red Cliff。
🎈文人墨客 men of letters
各行各业的人 people in different walks
🎈与秋的关系特别深→文人的作品离不开“秋”这个主题。-minded 对……感兴趣；一心想……，满脑子都是……故译为autumn-minded
可是这秋的深味，非要在北方，才感受得到底。
But, to know the real flavour of autumn, especially China’s autumn, one has to visit the North.
🎈秋的深味→秋天真正的味道，现译为the real flavour of autumn
南国之秋，当然是也有它的特异的地方的，比如廿四桥的明月，钱塘江的秋潮，普陀山的凉雾，荔枝湾的残荷等等，可是色彩不浓，回味不永。
Autumn in the South also has its unique features, such as the moonlit Ershisi Bridge in Yangzhou, the flowing sea tide at the Qiantangjiang River, the mist-shrouded Putuo Mountain and lotuses at the Lizhiwan Bay. But they all lack strong colour and lingering flavour.
🎈有它的特异的地方→有其特色/特点，故译为has its unique features
🎈回味不永→人们感受到的（南国之秋）韵味并不持久，故译作lingering
比起北国的秋来，正像是黄酒之于白干，稀饭之于馍馍，鲈鱼之于大蟹，黄犬之于骆驼。
Southern autumn is to Northern autumn what yellow rice wine is to kaoliang wine, congee to steamed buns, perches to crabs, yellow dogs to camels.
🎈A is to B what C is to D句型，其中的连词what可以用来表示比较两种事物相同或相似的关系，表示“A之于B就好像C之于D”。但如果是数与数之间的比较，则一般用as。
秋天，这北国的秋天，若留得往的话，我愿把寿命的三分之二折去，换得一个三分之一的零头。
Autumn, I mean Northern autumn, if only it could be made to last forever! I would be more than willing to keep but one-third of my life-span and have two-thirds of it bartered for the prolonged stay of the season!
🎈用if only引导的感叹句（虚拟语气）表示了作者想留住北国秋天的强烈愿望。
🎈keep but one-third of my life-span中的but是副表示「仅仅，只，才」
例句
This is but one of the methods used to try and get alcoholics to give up drink.
这只是为让那些酗酒者戒酒所尝试的方法之一。
🎈以A换B barter A for B
🎈“More than+形容词”表示非常 等于“很”或“非常”的意思,如In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments. 做科学实验时，使用仪器必须非常小心。
🔥必背词汇
recommend v.使受欢迎;使有优势
英义
If something or someone has a particular quality to recommend them, that quality makes them attractive or gives them an advantage over similar things or people.
例句
He had little but his enthusiasm to recommend him.
他拥有的优势只有他的热情。
limpid adj.清澈的；透明的
例句
limpid rock-pools
清澄的岩石区潮水潭
serene adj.平静的;宁静的;安详的
例句
the beautiful, serene park
美丽而宁静的公园
melancholy adj.使人忧郁的;令人忧伤的
英义
You describe something that you see or hear as melancholy when it gives you an intense feeling of sadness.
例句
The songs start soft and melancholy.
歌声轻柔而忧伤地响起。
pallid adj.苍白的；无血色的；暗淡的
英义
Someone or something that is pallid is pale in an unattractive or unnatural way.
例句
pallid grey vapour
暗淡的灰白色水蒸气
muddle v.搞混;弄乱
英义
If you muddle things or people, you get them mixed up, so that you do not know which is which.
例句
Already, one or two critics have begun to muddle the two names…
一两个评论家已经开始把这两个名字弄混了。
relish v.喜爱;玩味;欣赏;品味
英义
If you relish something, you get a lot of enjoyment from it.
例句
I relish the challenge of doing jobs that others turn down…
我喜欢挑战别人拒绝做的工作。
tempting adj.诱人的;吸引人的
英义
If something is tempting, it makes you want to do it or have it.
例句
At first glance, it would be tempting to agree.
乍一看，会让人很想同意。
reverberate v.(事情、思想等)产生巨大反响，引起轰动，影响深远
英义
You can say that an event or idea reverberates when it has a powerful effect which lasts a long time.
例句
The controversy surrounding the take-over yesterday continued to reverberate around the television industry.
昨天围绕接管展开的争论在电视业仍然有巨大的反响。
azure 颜色词.蔚蓝;天蓝色
英义
Azure is used to describe things that are bright blue.
例句
warm azure seas and palm fringed beaches
蔚蓝和煦的大海和棕榈环绕的沙滩
🔥重点表达
总是好的，有……可取之处have…to recommend （itself）
不远千里，要从杭州赶上青岛……have made light of travelling a long distance from Hangzhou to Qingdao…
对……不在乎to make light of
想饱尝一尝这故都的秋味To enjoy its atmosphere to the full in the onetime capital
时常多雨而少风 is more often rainy than windy
晚做总比不做好It’s better late than never.
自……，已经…（多久）…了It is…… since……
使人想起……put sb. in mind of…
钟声回响 reverberating bell
芦花 reed catkins
柳影shady willow trees
夜月a moonlight evening
在皇城人海之中inside the bustling imperial city
浓茶 strong tea
刺槐，槐树locust trees
一丝一丝漏下来的日光streaks of sunlight filtering through their foliage
像喇叭似的牵牛花（朝荣）蓝朵the trumpet-shaped blue flowers of morning
自然而然地也能感觉到十分的秋意an intense feeling of autumn will of itself well up inside you
说到，提及 as to/speaking of
最喜……，……次之，……最下 like… best, … second best, … third best
衬托 set off
像花而又不是花的那一种落蕊铺得满地find the ground strewn all over with flower-like pistils fallen from locust trees
扫街的，清洁工 a street cleaner
打扫 do the sweeping
在树影下under the shade of the trees
潜意识下觉得有点儿落寞somehow a feeling of forlornness will begin to creep up on you
梧桐一叶而天下知秋a single fallen leaf from the wutong tree is more than enough to inform the world of autumn’s presence
秋蝉的衰弱的残声The sporadic feeble chirping of cicadas
A是B的特征；B以A为特点 A be characteristic of B
无论在什么地方in every nook and cranny
非要上郊外或山上去才听得到 one cannot hear them unless in suburbs or hills
靠……生活to live off (= to live on)
至于，关于 as to/for
北方的秋雨autumn rains in the North
在灰沉沉的天底下under the slaty sky
忽而来一阵凉风A sudden gust of cool wind
噼里啪啦 pitter-patter
卷向西去roll towards the west
都市闲人 idle townsfolk
微叹with a slight touch of
一场秋雨一场寒 Getting cooler with each autumn shower
一种奇景,一道亮丽的风景线a wonderful sight
枣子树jujube tree
全盛时期 at the height of；in one’s prime/heyday
占优势reign supreme
七八月之交 at the turn of July and August
八九分熟are 80-90 percent ripe
黄金时间golden days
黄金周golden week
文人学士literati
导致account for
倾向于be disposed to do
颂赞sing the praises of
又何尝不然？/又何尝不是？the same is true
粗略浏览/翻看browse through
偶然发现;偶然遇见come across
由sb.写的书/文章…… ……by sb.
因……而出色/备受青睐、受欢迎 be distinguished by…
足见，足以见得 All that goes to show that
英雄所见略同great minds think alike
倾向于 be disposed to/ be prone to
感到不能自已的深情have deep sentiments…in spite of themselves
不由自主地in spite of oneself
秋之于人，何尝有国别，更何尝有人种阶级的区别Autumn treats all humans alike, regardless of nationality, race or class.
《赤壁赋》On the Red Cliff或Fu on the Red Cliff
文人墨客 men of letters
各行各业的人 people in different walks
秋的深味the real flavour of autumn
色彩不浓，回味不永lack strong colour and lingering flavor
A之于B就好像C之于D A is to B what C is to D
以A换B barter A for B
🔥复盘测试
总是好的，有……可取之处
不远千里，要从杭州赶上青岛
对……不在乎
想饱尝一尝这故都的秋味
时常多雨而少风
晚做总比不做好
自……，已经…（多久）…了
使人想起……
钟声回响
芦花
柳影
夜月
在皇城人海之中
浓茶
刺槐，槐树
一丝一丝漏下来的日光
像喇叭似的牵牛花（朝荣）蓝朵
自然而然地也能感觉到十分的秋意
说到，提及
最喜……，……次之，……最下
衬托
像花而又不是花的那一种落蕊铺得满地
扫街的，清洁工
打扫
在树影下
潜意识下觉得有点儿落寞
梧桐一叶而天下知秋
秋蝉的衰弱的残声
A是B的特征；B以A为特点
无论在什么地方
非要上郊外或山上去才听得到
靠……生活
至于，关于
北方的秋雨
在灰沉沉的天底下
忽而来一阵凉风
噼里啪啦
卷向西去
都市闲人
微叹
一场秋雨一场寒
一种奇景,一道亮丽的风景线
枣子树
全盛时期
占优势
七八月之交
八九分熟
黄金时间
黄金周
文人学士
导致
倾向于
颂赞
又何尝不然？/又何尝不是？
粗略浏览/翻看
偶然发现;偶然遇见
由sb.写的书/文章……
因……而出色/备受青睐、受欢迎
足见，足以见得
英雄所见略同
倾向于
感到不能自已的深情
不由自主地
秋之于人，何尝有国别，更何尝有人种阶级的区别
《赤壁赋》
文人墨客
各行各业的人
秋的深味
色彩不浓，回味不永
A之于B就好像C之于D
以A换B
🔥表达对比
「一道亮丽的风景线」有几种表达？
北方的果树，到秋来，也是「一种奇景」。
Fruit trees in the North also make a wonderful sight in autumn.
你曾经是我生命中「一道亮丽的风景线」，在记忆中永存。
You used to be my life a beautiful landscape, in the memory forever.
那绿草茵茵的公园，那超市上各种各样的水果、蔬菜使马来西亚成为「一道亮丽的风景线」。
The green lawns of the public parks, and the fruits and vegetable for sale in the markets make Malaysiaa very present sight to take in.
不论是吊带装还是半边的露肩装，露肩总是「夏天的一道亮丽的风景线」。
Whether you bare it with a strappy top or let a shoulder slip out from your top, the bare shoulder is a summer-perfect look.
报纸数量雨后春笋般增多引发了激烈的市场竞争，而五彩缤纷的彩色报纸更形成「一道亮丽的风景线」。
Increase the number of bulbs newspapers sparked intense market competition, but colourful color newspapers a beautiful scenery.
产品设计新颖，为城市美化，旅游景区增加「一道亮丽的风景线」。
the product design is novel, beautifies for the city, the tourist scenic zone increases a sharp scenery line.
