When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money, repayment of which he may demand at any time either in cash or by drawing a cheque in favour of another person.任何人在银行开一个活期账户，就等于把钱借给了银行。这笔钱他可以随时提取，提取的方式可以是取现金，也可以是开一张以他人为收款人的支票。🎈repayment of which he may demand at any time either…是“n+介词+关系代词”非限定性定从，用于修饰和先行词相关的部分。🎈把…借给…lend sth. to sb. /lend sb. sth.或loan sth. to sb. /loan sb. sth.向…借…borrow sth. from sb. [注意没有borrow sb. sth. 的用法]例句你能不能借给我100块钱？Would you lend me ￥100? √Would you lend ￥100 to me? √May I borrow ￥100 from you? √May I borrow you ￥100? × [用法不对]Would you borrow me ￥100? ×[逻辑语义完全不合常理]🎈无论是谁（做某事），就等于在… when anyone …, he is … 例句When anyone tries to cross the pass on foot, he is risking his life.无论是谁试图徒步穿越这个山口，就等于在生命冒险。🎈债务的偿还the repayment of debt归还repay sb. sth. /repay sth. to sb./ pay sb. back/ pay back sth.还清/清偿债务pay off one’s debts/ clear one’s debts给某人退款give sb. a refund报销reimburse sb.例句Pay for the hotel room when you leave, and the company will reimburse you later.走时你先自己垫上住宿费，之后公司会给你报销。🎈开支票draw/sign/write a cheque/check cheque是英式拼写，check是美式拼写（支票）以某人/某部门为受款人in favour/favor of…两个表达通常连在一起用。Primarily, the banker-customer relationship is that of debtor and creditor—who is which depending on whether the customer’s account is in credit or is overdrawn.银行与储户的关系主要是债务人和债权人的关系。究竟谁是债务人谁是债权人，要看储户是有结余还是透支。🎈破折号之前是句子的主干，破折号之后的部分是一个独立主格结构。who is which是主语，whether the customer’s account is in credit or is overdrawn是宾语从句。🎈主要地Primarily/ Mainly/ Principally/ Largely/ Chiefly/ Above all/ First and foremost🎈关系密切且成对出现的词前不加冠词债务人和债权人debtor and creditor全心全意地heart and soul刀叉knife and fork纸笔pencil and paper母子mother and son🎈是否…例句He worried about if he had hurt her feelings. ×[if宾从不跟在prep后，可以在动词后]He worried about whether he had hurt her feelings. √🎈透支be overdrawn = be in the red（赤字）例句Your account is overdrawn / in the red.But, in addition to that basically simple concept, the bank and its customer owe a large number of obligations to one another.除了这一基本的简单的概念外，银行和储户彼此还需承担大量义务。🎈除了…之外，还有…in addition to …besides …as well as …together with …along with …apart from …aside from …🎈欠某人…owe sth. to sb. / owe sb. sth.对某人有义务owe obligations to sb. /have obligations to sb.例句Parents owe / have obligations to their children.父母有义务将子女抚养成人。I owe you (a lot).我太感谢你了。You owe him an apology/ explanation.你应该向他解释/道歉。Many of these obligations can give rise to problems and complications but a bank customer, unlike, say, a buyer of goods, cannot complain that the law is loaded against him.其中许多义务往往引起问题和纠纷。但是储户不能像货物的买主那样来抱怨法律对自己不利。🎈unlike a buyer of goods是插入语，say是插入语中地插入语。🎈cannot写时不分开，有时也用can’t（但不够正式）🎈导致give rise to …/cause …/effect …/lead to …/result in …/bring about …/set up …produce / create / generate…trigger / spark / precipitate…🎈对…不公平/不利sth. is loaded against …例句The justice system is loaded against ethnic minorities.这个司法系统对少数民族不公平。对…有偏见be prejudiced against …/ be biased against …对…有偏爱，偏向…be biased in favor of …/ be partial to …The bank must obey its customer’s instructions, and not those of anyone else.银行必须遵照储户的嘱托办事，不能听从其他人的指令。🎈遵守指示/命令obey instructions接受指示/命令take instructions按指示/命令做follow instructions等候指示/命令await instructionsWhen, for example, a customer first opens an account, he instructs the bank to debit his account only in respect of cheques drawn by himself. 比如，储户首次在银行开户时，嘱咐银行他的存款只能凭本世人签字的支票来提取。🎈书面语 in respect of=about关于in respect of/with respect to/with regard to/concerning/regarding/respecting例句美国关于古巴的政策 US foreign policy ~CubaHe gives the bank specimens of his signature, and there is a very firm rule that the bank has no right or authority to pay out a customer’s money on a cheque on which its customer’s signature has been forged. 他把自己签名的样本交给银行，对此有一条非常严格的规定：银行没有任何权利或理由把储户的钱让伪造储户签名的支票取走。🎈that the bank has no right or authority to pay out a customer’s money on a cheque on which its customer’s signature has been forged.是同位语从句，其中嵌有定语从句on which its customer’s signature has been forged修饰a cheque。🎈signature n.(多指普通人的)签名 autograph指明星的签名sign v.签字例句Where do you want me to sign my name?我应该把名字签在哪里？签收sign for …签收包裹sign for this packageinitial v./n.（签）姓名首字母例句The memo has been initialled / initialed by the president.🎈authority n. [U] 职权，权限right to act in a specific way 例句Only the treasurer has authority to sign checks.🎈支付（大笔的钱）pay out to pay a lot of money for somethingIt makes no difference that the forgery may have been a very skillful one: the bank must recognize its customer’s signature.即使伪造得很巧妙，也不能付款，因为银行有责任辨认出其储户的签名。🎈有效make a difference有些效果make some difference无效make no differenceFor this reason there is no risk to the customer in the practice, adopted by banks, of printing the customer’s name on his cheques.因此，某些银行已采用把储户名字印在支票上的作法。这种做法对储户毫无风险。🎈in the practice… of printing the customer’s name on his cheques中of引出practice的同位语。🎈因此，所以For this reason/ so/ Thus/ Hence/ Therefore/ Thereupon/ Ergo/ Accordingly/ As a result/ Consequently/ As a consequence/ In consequence🎈…的风险the risk of serious injury [of引出同位语]对…的风险 There is no risk to customers. 🎈practice n. 习惯性的做法，惯例做某事的惯例the practice of doing sth.周日歇业的惯例the practice of closing shops on SundaysIf this facilitates forgery, it is the bank which will lose, not the customer. 如果因这种作法出现了伪造的话，受损失的将不是储户，而是银行。🎈it is the bank which will lose, not the customer是强调句式。🎈使……更方便/容易ease / smooth the way for …🎈强调句：it is … that / who(m) …it is … which …（尤其用于科技、说明文体）🎈如果…，是…而不是…if …, it is … that / which / who(m) …, not …🔥必背词汇current adj. 当前的，现在的，流行的当前的问题current problems时事current events / affairs现任总统the current president活期账户current account/checking account定期账户savings account/ deposit account开户/休户open / close an account存钱deposit / bank例句You’d better deposit / bank your money.你最好把钱存到银行取钱draw / withdraw … from …或take … out of …例句He drew / withdrew $100 from his bank (account).他从账户里去除了100美金。透支overdraw例句My account is overdrawn by $200.我的账户透支了200美元。兑换成现金cash / encash兑现支票 to cash / encash a checkdebtor adj. 债务人，借方debtor n. 债务人，借方person who owes money to sb. creditor n. 债权人，贷方person to whom money is owed debit n. 账户的借方；账户中提取的款项debit v. 把……计入借方，记上客户支出的钱例句Debit $100 against Mr. Smith’s account.或Debit Mr. Smith’s account with $100. 史密斯先生从账户中取走100美金。credit n. 账户的贷方；账户中存入的款项credit v. 把……计入贷方，记上客户存入的钱例句Credit Mr. smith’s account with $100. 史密斯先生在账户中存入100美金。有余额in debt例句Your account is in credit.obligation adj. 责任，义务对…/做…的义务obligation to sth / to do sth有义务…have an obligation / are under an obligation to…履行义务meet / honor / fulfill one’s obligation责任感sense of obligation法律义务legal obligation道义moral obligation相互的义务mutual / reciprocal obligationn.责任，义务duty：强调自觉主动性[道义]obligation：不得不[迫于协议]responsibility：应该负责complication n. 复杂的情况，纠纷；疾病并发症两国之间的纠纷complications between two parties / countries法律纠纷legal complications避免产生纠纷avoid complications引起纠纷cause complications产生进一步纠纷produce further complications例句If diabetes is not treated properly, complications will set in. 如果糖尿病没得到恰当治疗，会引发并发症。complicate v.使变复杂，complicated a.复杂的【词根】“plic” = foldimplicate v.牵连explicate v.解释duplicate v.复制，重复做supplicate v.祈求，恳请specimen adj. 样品，标本近义词 sample签名的样本a specimen / sample signature血液样本a blood specimen / sample尿液样本a urine specimen / sample新洗发水的试用装samples of a new shampoo 此时不可用specimen替代sampleadopt v. 领养；采取，采用；正式批准领养一个孤儿adopt an orphan养子adopted son养父母adoptive parents / foster-parents采用一个新主意adopt a new idea采用一种新技术adopt a new techniqueadoption n. 领养；采纳，采用adept adj. 熟练的，内行的在…方面很熟练be adept at / in …adapt v.（使）适应；改编例句She quickly adapted to the new climate.她很快便适应了新的气候。The movie was adapted from a novel.这部电影改编自一部小说。facilitate v. 使某事更容易例句Modern devices facilitate domestic work. 现代设备使做家务活更容易了。facility n.（常用复数）（使事情便利的）设备，设施排水设施drainage facilities医疗设施medical facilities娱乐设施recreational facilities卫生保健设施public health facilities食宿设施lodge and eating facilitiesfacile adj. 容易得到的（因而没有太大价值的）easily obtained or achieved (and so not highly valued) 轻而易举的成功a facile success【词根】“fac” = makemanufacture v./n.制造（品）benefactor n.捐助者，做好事的人，施主malefactor n.作恶的人，犯罪分子“-ile” 易于的fertile adj.肥沃的fragile adj.易碎的🔥重点表达当前的问题current problems时事current events / affairs现任总统the current president活期账户current account/checking account定期账户savings account/ deposit account开户/休户open / close an account存钱deposit / bank取钱draw / withdraw … from …或take … out of …兑换成现金cash / encash兑现支票 to cash / encash a check有余额in debt对…/做…的义务obligation to sth / to do sth有义务…have an obligation / are under an obligation to…履行义务meet / honor / fulfill one’s obligation责任感sense of obligation法律义务legal obligation道义moral obligation相互的义务mutual / reciprocal obligation两国之间的纠纷complications between two parties / countries法律纠纷legal complications避免产生纠纷avoid complications引起纠纷cause complications产生进一步纠纷produce further complications签名的样本a specimen / sample signature血液样本a blood specimen / sample尿液样本a urine specimen / sample新洗发水的试用装samples of a new shampoo领养一个孤儿adopt an orphan养子adopted son养父母adoptive parents / foster-parents采用一个新主意adopt a new idea采用一种新技术adopt a new technique在…方面很熟练be adept at / in …排水设施drainage facilities医疗设施medical facilities娱乐设施recreational facilities卫生保健设施public health facilities食宿设施lodge and eating facilities轻而易举的成功a facile success把…借给…lend sth. to sb. /lend sb. sth.或loan sth. to sb. /loan sb. sth.向…借…borrow sth. from sb.无论是谁（做某事），就等于在… when anyone …, he is … 债务的偿还the repayment of debt归还repay sb. sth. /repay sth. to sb./ pay sb. back/ pay back sth.还清/清偿债务pay off one’s debts/ clear one’s debts给某人退款give sb. a refund报销reimburse sb.开支票draw/sign/write a cheque/check（支票）以某人/某部门为受款人in favour/favor of…主要地Primarily/ Mainly/ Principally/ Largely/ Chiefly/ Above all/ First and foremost透支be overdrawn = be in the red（赤字）欠某人…owe sth. to sb. / owe sb. sth.对某人有义务owe obligations to sb. /have obligations to sb.导致give rise to …/cause …/effect …/lead to …/result in …/bring about …/set up …对…不公平/不利sth. is loaded against …对…有偏见be prejudiced against …/ be biased against …对…有偏爱，偏向…be biased in favor of …/ be partial to …遵守指示/命令obey instructions接受指示/命令take instructions按指示/命令做follow instructions等候指示/命令await instructions关于in respect of/with respect to/with regard to/concerning/regarding/respecting签收sign for …支付（大笔的钱）pay out有效make a difference有些效果make some difference无效make no difference有效make a difference有些效果make some difference无效make no difference做某事的惯例the practice of doing sth.使……更方便/容易ease / smooth the way for …如果…，是…而不是…if …, it is … that / which / who(m) …, not …🔥复盘测试当前的问题时事现任总统活期账户定期账户开户/休户存钱取钱兑换成现金兑现支票有余额对…/做…的义务有义务…履行义务责任感法律义务道义相互的义务两国之间的纠纷法律纠纷避免产生纠纷引起纠纷产生进一步纠纷签名的样本血液样本尿液样本新洗发水的试用装领养一个孤儿养子养父母采用一个新主意采用一种新技术在…方面很熟练排水设施医疗设施娱乐设施卫生保健设施食宿设施轻而易举的成功把…借给…向…借…无论是谁（做某事），就等于在… 债务的偿还归还还清/清偿债务给某人退款报销开支票（支票）以某人/某部门为受款人主要地透支欠某人…对某人有义务导致对…不公平/不利对…有偏见对…有偏爱，偏向…遵守指示/命令接受指示/命令按指示/命令做等候指示/命令关于签收支付（大笔的钱）有效有些效果无效有效有些效果无效做某事的惯例使……更方便/容易如果…，是…而不是…
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