🎈trading adj. 贸易的，商业的贸易标准trading standards贸易伙伴trading partnerChickens slaughtered in the United States, claim officials in Brussels, are not fit to grace European tables.布鲁塞尔的官员说，在美国屠宰的鸡不适于用来装点欧洲的餐桌。🎈slaughtered in the United States 是chickens的后置定语。claim officials in Brussels是插入语，并采用了倒装结构，此处倒装不是必需的。若是“人称代词+claim”，则一般不倒装，直接说he/she claimed。🎈一个地方/大使馆官员a(n) local / embassy official官员腐败/官方态度official corruption / attitudebureaucrat n.（贬）官老爷，官僚bureaucracy n.[U]官僚制度，官僚作风公务员civil servant🎈Brussels: the capital and largest city in Belgium, centrally situated in northern Europe. Brussels is internationally important as the headquarters of the European Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 布鲁塞尔坐落在北欧的中心地带，是比利时的首都，也是比利时最大的城市。布鲁塞尔是欧盟和北大西洋公约组织的总部，具有十分重要的国际地位。🎈委婉表达：are not fit to grace European tables意即are of poor quality或don’t meet European standards，但这样说很难听，有损国与国之间的关系，故为了避免政治冲突，采用文中的委婉说法。同样的还有：失业unemployed→between the jobs怀孕了be pregnant. →be knitting a tiny garment./be expecting.清洁工人dustman→/garbologist屠夫 butcher→meat technologist家庭主妇housewife→domestic engineer 残疾人，有生理缺陷者the disabled / handicapped→the physically challenged 身the mentally challenged 心智the vertically challenged 侏儒the horizontally challenged 肥胖No, say the Americans: our fowl are fine, we simply clean them in a different way.不，美国人说，我们的家禽很好，只是我们使用了另一种清洗方式。🎈fowl n.家禽，可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词。看作可数时，单复数同形，复数形式加s或不加s均可。poultry n.家禽[复数名词]livestock / stock n.家畜[U]These days, it is differences in national regulations, far more than tariffs, that put sand in the wheels of trade between rich countries.当前，是各国管理条例上的差异，而不是关税阻碍了发达国家之间的贸易。🎈These days是时间状语，it is differences in national regulations…that…是强调句型，其中，in national regulations是differences的后置定语，far more than tariffs是插入语。🎈当今，现如今these days/ today /nowadays当年，想当初in those days🎈不仅仅是… more than sth. 例句Peace is more than the absence of war.和平不仅仅意味着没有战争。极其/非常…more than + adj./adv. 例句He is more than selfish.他太自私了。是A所不能/无法…的more than A can / could …例句The story is more than I can believe.我不相信这个故事。🎈阻碍put sand in the wheels ofput obstacles in the way ofstand in the way ofhinder/impede/hamperIt is not just farmers who are complaining.并不仅仅是农民在抱怨。🎈强调句型：it is / was … that / who …。一般而言，sb要用who，sth用that。但在科技文体中，sth有时也用which。An electric razor that meets the European Union’s safety standards must be approved by American testers before it can be sold in the United States, and an American-made dialysis machine needs the EU’s okay before it hits the market in Europe.一把符合欧洲联盟安全标准的电动剃须刀必须得到美国检测人员的认可，方可在美国市场上销售；而美国制造的透析仪也要得到欧盟的首肯才能进入欧洲市场。🎈that meets the European Union’s safety standards是定语从句，修饰razor。and an…中的and引出并列句。🎈“得到认可”和“进入市场”在句子前半部分已经出现过，用的表达是be approved by和be sold。后半部分为了增强语言的丰富性，类似的意思进行了表达替换，用的是needs the EU’s okay和hits the market。🎈符合，达到，吻合，不辜负… meet/reach/pass/live up to/satisfy/fulfill +… standards🎈approve vt.正式批准reject v.驳回（某人）同意…approve of …[不指批准]不同意… disapprove of/ frown onn.[U]同意，准许agreement/ permission/ approval （注：agreement可数时指“协议”，不可数时指“同意”）🎈到达 hit=reach=arrive at🎈两种修辞contrast 对照：语义相对，句式结构不同Men always want to be a woman’s first love; women have a more subtle instinct: what they like is to be a man’s last romance.antithesis 对比：语义相对，句式结构一致When poverty comes in at the door, love leaps out at the window.（贫困破门而入，爱情破门而出。）As it happens, a razor that is safe in Europe is unlikely to electrocute Americans.碰巧在欧洲使用安全的剃须刀不大可能使美国人触电身亡。🎈碰巧恰好，碰巧as it happened/happensas luck would have ithappen / chance to do it happens/happened /chances / chanced that …by accident / chanceaccidentallySo, ask businesses on both sides of the Atlantic, why have two lots of tests where one would do?因此，大西洋两岸的企业都在问，当一套测试可以解决问题时，为什么需要两套呢？🎈business作“公司、企业”讲时可数，作“生意，业务”讲时不可数。做生意do business🎈why do质问语气例句Why worry about such trifles?为什么要担心那些琐事呢?（暗含不应担心之意）why not do提出建议例句Why not try to train your character? 🎈two lots of中的lot表示“一组/一批/一群（n. set; collection; group）”，而不是a lot of或lots of中的“许多”。🎈句尾的do：v. be enough例句— Don’t you want something to eat?不再吃点什么吗？— OK. Two burgers will do.不了，两个汉堡包已经足够了。Politicians agree, in principle, so America and the EU have been trying to reach a deal which would eliminate the need to double-test many products.政治家在原则上同意了，因此，美国和欧洲一直在寻求达成协议，以便为许多产品取消双重检查。🎈so America and the EU…是结果状语从句。🎈原则上in principle🎈have been trying to reach a deal是现在完成进行时，不在乎动作是否会持续，而是强调现在（时间点）仍在进行。They hope to finish in time for a trade summit between America and the EU on May 28th.他们希望尽早达成协议，为5月28日举行的美国和欧洲贸易的最高通级会议作准备。🎈及时in time🎈贸易峰会a trade summitAlthough negotiators are optimistic, the details are complex enough that they may be hard-pressed to get a deal at all.尽管谈判代表持乐观态度，但协议细节如此复杂，他们所面临的困难很可能使他们无法取得一致。🎈Although negotiators are optimistic是让步状从。the details are complex enough that they may be hard-pressed to get a deal at all中的enough 不译“足够”，而是意为“如此/太…”，that引导结果状从。🎈optimistic/pessimistic a.乐观的/悲观的optimism/pessimism n.乐观主义/悲观主义optimist/ pessimist n. 乐观主义者/悲观主义者对…（感到）乐观/悲观be optimistic/pessimistic about …例句Bankers are cautiously optimistic about the country’s economic future.银行家对国家未来的经济持谨慎乐观态度。🎈be … enough to do= be so … as to dobe … enough that …= be so … that …例句They are rash enough to cross the pass on foot. = They are so rash as to cross the pass on foot.他们太冒失了，居然赤脚穿过山口。🎈不大可能…/无法…be hard-pressed to do sth.Why? One difficulty is to construct the agreements.为什么呢？困难之一是起草这些协议。🎈造句construct a sentence起草协议construct an agreementThe Americans would happily reach one accord on standards for medical devices and then hammer out different pacts covering, say, electronic goods and drug manufacturing.美国人很愿意就医疗器械的标准达成一个协议，然后推敲出不同的合同，用以涵盖——比如说——电子产品和药品的生产。🎈say是插入语。假定，比方说say / let’s say 常作插入语🎈涵盖，包括cover/embrace / encompassThe EU—following fine continental traditions—wants agreement on general principles, which could be applied to many types of products and perhaps extended to other countries.欧洲人遵循优良的大陆传统，则希望就普遍的原则取得一致，而这些原则适用于许多不同产品，同时可能延伸到其它国家。🎈大陆the continent / Continent海峡the channel / Channel在不同语境中，continent可指欧洲大陆/中国大陆，channel可指英吉利海峡/台湾海峡。还是要根据语境进行判断。🎈按照命令做follow orders随大流follow the crowd / herd效仿某人follow one’s example / lead效仿，模仿，跟着做follow the suit🎈适用于… be applied to …🎈延伸到… extend/spread to …🔥必背词汇fit adj. 适合的（达到足够好的标准）适合… be fit for …/ be fit to do …suitable adj. 适合的（看上去很和谐，不突兀）appropriate adj. 适合的（语气比suitable略重）felicitous adj. 适合的（措辞、文字、言语等恰如其分）恰如其分的评论felicitous remarksproper adj. 适合的（万能词，基本所有对象都适用）grace v. 使荣耀，装饰，装点例句The queen graced us with her presence.女王的到来让我们非常荣耀。Her face has graced the covers of magazines across the world.她的面孔频频出现在杂志封面上。graceful a.优雅的，优美的disgrace v./n（使）不光彩disgraceful a.可耻的，丢脸的，不光彩的使丢脸disgrace/ shame/ humiliate或bring shame / disgrace on …standard n. 标准，水准，水平[全世界公认]安全标准/道德标准/生活水平safety / moral / living standards高/低水平的生活a high / low standard of living国际标准组织International Standards Organization (ISO)criterion / criteria n. 标准（某机构，某组织）录取标准admission criterion用来选拔候选人的标准the criteria we use to select candidatesyardstick / benchmark n. 标准，标杆，尺度，准绳（较文气）例句The yardstick / benchmark of truth is practice.时间是真理的标准。electrocute v. 电死，以电刑处死execute v.执行（=carry out），处以死刑执行某人的命令/遗嘱execute one’s command / one’s will因叛国被处以死刑be executed for treasonpersecute v.（因种族、政治等原因）迫害例句Jews were persecuted by Nazis.犹太人受到了纳粹分子的迫害。prosecute v.起诉，控告例句Trespassers will be prosecuted.非法入侵者将被起诉。eliminate v. 彻底清除彻底清除，根除 eliminate/ remove/ get rid of/ root out /eradicate /abolish词根radi=root，如：radish n.（做沙拉用的）小萝卜根除罪恶/贫困eradicate crime / poverty废除奴隶制abolish slavery废除死刑abolish capital punishment / death penaltyaccord n. 协议，条约[国际]accord / treaty n.协议，条约[国际]pact / compact n. 协议，条约[人与人、国与国、机构与机构之间均可]contract n. 合同；deal n. 协议[商]agreement包括contract和dealhammer out v. 敲定了……例句The two countries finally hammered out an agreement.这两个国家最终敲定了一份协议。达成协议reach / come to an agreement履行协议keep / honor an agreement违背协议break / violate an agreement🔥重点表达适合… be fit for …/ be fit to do …恰如其分的评论felicitous remarks使丢脸disgrace/ shame/ humiliate或bring shame / disgrace on …安全标准/道德标准/生活水平safety / moral / living standards高/低水平的生活a high / low standard of living国际标准组织International Standards Organization (ISO)录取标准admission criterion用来选拔候选人的标准the criteria we use to select candidates执行某人的命令/遗嘱execute one’s command / one’s will因叛国被处以死刑be executed for treason根除罪恶/贫困eradicate crime / poverty废除奴隶制abolish slavery废除死刑abolish capital punishment / death penalty达成协议reach / come to an agreement履行协议keep / honor an agreement违背协议break / violate an agreement贸易标准trading standards贸易伙伴trading partner个地方/大使馆官员a(n) local / embassy official官员腐败/官方态度official corruption / attitude当今，现如今these days/ today /nowadays当年，想当初in those days不仅仅是… more than sth. 极其/非常…more than + adj./adv. 是A所不能/无法…的more than A can / could …阻碍put sand in the wheels of（某人）同意…approve of …[不指批准]不同意… disapprove of/ frown on碰巧恰好，碰巧as it happened/happens做生意do business原则上in principle及时in time贸易峰会a trade summit对…（感到）乐观/悲观be optimistic/pessimistic about …不大可能…/无法…be hard-pressed to do sth.造句construct a sentence起草协议construct an agreement假定，比方说say / let’s say[常作插入语]涵盖，包括cover/embrace / encompass按照命令做follow orders随大流follow the crowd / herd效仿某人follow one’s example / lead效仿，模仿，跟着做follow the suit适用于… be applied to …延伸到… extend/spread to …🔥复盘测试适合…恰如其分的评论使丢脸安全标准/道德标准/生活水平高/低水平的生活国际标准组织录取标准用来选拔候选人的标准执行某人的命令/遗嘱因叛国被处以死刑根除罪恶/贫困废除奴隶制废除死刑达成协议履行协议违背协议贸易标准贸易伙伴个地方/大使馆官员官员腐败/官方态度当今，现如今当年，想当初不仅仅是… 极其/非常… 是A所不能/无法…的阻碍（某人）同意…不同意…碰巧恰好，碰巧做生意原则上及时贸易峰会对…（感到）乐观/悲观不大可能…/无法…造句起草协议假定，比方说涵盖，包括按照命令做随大流效仿某人效仿，模仿，跟着做适用于…延伸到…
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