The Wealthy Quarter ——Feng Jicai🔥背景知识：杂文《富人区》的作者冯骥才（1942- ），浙江宁波人，生于天津，是中国当代著名作家和画家。文章寥寥数语，勾画出面对现实生活的三种不同心态，褒贬得宜，抨击时弊，寓意深刻。🎈「富人区」可译为 wealthy quarter、affluent quarter、rich quarter等。在洛杉矶，一位美国朋友开车带我去看富人区。In Los Angeles, an American friend of mine drove me to an affluent quarter for a visit.🎈开车带我去 drove me to…。drove原形为drive，本身就具有「驾车送人」的含义。富人区就是有钱人的聚居地。It was a place inhabited by the rich.🎈 it指代上句提到的an affluent quarter。英文善用代词，中文则相反。🎈the rich：the+ adj表示一类人。美国人最爱陪客人看富人区，好似观光。Americans like to take their guests to see it as if on a sightseeing tour.🎈like 后面接不定式和动名词都有，下面几点该注意：①说一时的爱好只可用不定式，不可用动名词，如 He would like to dance with us tonight 里的 to dance 不可改作 dancing，I should like to see him at once 里的 to see 不可改作 seeing。 ②说经常的爱好用不定式或动名词都可以，如 He likes to dance 和 He likes dancing。 ③说经常的爱好，对于简单的动作或情况用动名词比用不定式普通，如 He likes dancing 比 He likes to dance 普通，She likes being read to 比 She likes to be read to 普通。但对于复杂些的事，用不定式比用动名词普通，如 He likes to see his children at play 比 He likes seeing his children at play 普通，He likes to work far into the night 比 He likes working far into the night 普通。🎈as if on a sightseeing touras if引导的从句是「主语+系动词」结构，可省略主语和系动词，只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。例句She looks as if she were ten years younger. 她看起来好像年轻了十岁。同理，此句就相当于…as if they were on a sightseeing tour。到那儿一瞧，千姿万态的房子和庭院，优雅、宁静、舒适，真如人间天堂。Standing before me were houses and courtyards of a great variety of shapes, looking elegant, quiet and comfortable like in an earthly paradise.🎈Standing before me were houses…：英语中，有些倒装是出于语法上的需要，非用倒装语序不可，具有强制性；有些则是为了达到某种修辞效果，如强调、平衡、衔接等。🎈「人间天堂」可译为earthly paradise或paradise on earth。我忽然有个问题问他：“你们看到富人住在这么漂亮的房子里，会不会嫉妒？”I suddenly put this question to him, “Don’t you feel jealous of guys living in beautiful houses like these?”🎈向某人提问 put a question to sb🎈嫉妒某人be/feel jealous of sbjealous和envy这里只从「褒贬色彩」的角度简单说下。envy相当于中文的「羡慕」「钦羡」，通常是一种良好的心态；jealous则有时是良好的「羡慕」「钦羡」，有时则相当于中文的「妒忌」，此时就是一种不好的心态。🎈living in beautiful houses是guys的后置定语。🎈Don’t you…表示反问的语气。我这美国朋友惊讶地看着我，说：“嫉妒他们？为什么？他们能住在这里，说明他遇上了一个好机会。如果将来我也遇到好机会，我会比他们做得还好！”He looked at me in astonishment and said, “Jealous? Why? They live here because they’ve met with a good opportunity. If I should also find a good opportunity in the future, I can do even better.”🎈「遇上了一个好机会」译作have met with a good opportunity。其中，meet with表示「遭遇（某事）、受到某种对待」。比如，我们可以说to meet with success/failure成功/失败。🎈 If I should also find a good opportunityshould可以用在if从句中表示此事发生的可能性不很大。例句If you should run into Peter, tell him he owes me a letter. 你万一碰到彼得，告诉他，他还欠了我一封信呢。If complications should arise, they will almost always occur within the first week following the biopsy. 万一出现并发症，那几乎总是在活检后第一个星期内发生。这个should往往可以提前到主语之前，同时省略掉if。Should you have an accident, synthetic quilts are quite easy to wash. 万一尿了床，化纤被子是很容易洗的。Tortoises are able to withdraw their head and limbs should danger threaten. 乌龟一遇到危险，能够把头和腿缩进去。这个作用，是should特有的。这便是标准的“老美”式的回答。The answer he gave was typical of Americans.🎈「这便是标准的‘老美’式的回答」可按「这便是美国人的典型回答」译为The answer he gave was typical of Americans或The answer he gave was typically American、He answered in a typically American way。他们很看重机会。Americans set great store by an opportunity.🎈十分看重、重视…set/put (great) store by sth例句She sets great store by her appearance.她十分看重自己的外貌。后来在日本，一位日本朋友说他要陪我看看不远的一处富人区。Later, when I was in Japan, a Japanese friend of mine said he would take me to a nearby wealthy quarter and show me around.🎈「不远的一处富人区」即「附近的一处富人区」，译作a nearby wealthy quarter即可。🎈领（某人）参观；带（某人）巡视show sb around/round (sth)例句Has anyone shown you round yet?有没有人带你四处走走？原来日本人也有这种爱好。So, Japanese and Americans shared the same inclination to visit a wealthy quarter.🎈「原来日本人也有这种爱好」可译So, Japanese and Americans shared the same inclination to visit a wealthy quarter或So, Japanese were also fond of visiting a wealthy quarter。日本富人区，小巧、幽静、精致，每座房子都像一个首饰盒，也挺美。Japanese houses were small, quiet and exquisite, and each was like a beautiful jewellery box.🎈「每座房子都像一个首饰盒，也挺美」可译为each was like a beautiful jewellery box或 each was as beautiful as a jewellery box、each could be compared to a beautiful jewellery box。我又想到上次问过美国人的那个问题，便问日本朋友：“你们看到富人们住着这么漂亮的房子，会嫉妒吗？”I put to him the same question as I had asked the American, “Are you jealous of the rich people living in these beautiful houses?”🎈 I put to him the same question as I had asked the American中as是准关系代词的用法。此时的先决条件是as前必须有先行词（名词）。as作为准关系代词只能用于下列短语：①such+ n.+as…例句我不喜欢说谎的人。I don’t like such a man as tells lies.②the same +n. +as…
例句
我有一本书，和你昨天买的一样。I have the same book as you bought yesterday.③as +adj.+n.+as…例句他是个和约翰一样好的人。He is as good as John.这个日本朋友稍稍想了想，摇摇头说：“不会的。” After pondering for a moment, he shook his head and said, “No, never.”🎈No是对问句的答复。never则是说话人对信息的强调和补充。继而他解释道，“如果一个日本人见到别人比自己强，通常会主动接近那个人，和他交朋友，向他学习，把他的长处学到手，再设法超过他。”Then he explained, “When a Japanese finds somebody superior to himself, he’ll contact him on his own initiative, make friends with him, learn from him, and try to excel him after learning all the strong points from him.”🎈见到「假如、如果」等字眼，不是只有if这棵独苗苗，还有很多表达可以用，比如when、 with(out)介词短语等等。🎈主动地on his own initiative例句For Titus not only welcomed our appeal, but he is coming to you with much enthusiasm and on his own initiative.他固然是听了我的劝，但自己更是热心，情愿往你们那里去。🎈优点 strong points噢，日本人真厉害。我想。Ah, the Japanese were a real aggressive sort! I was absorbed in thought.🎈「噢，日本人真厉害」应理解为「噢，日本人真有进取心」，译为Ah, the Japanese were a real aggressive sort，其中real等于really；aggressive作「积极进取」「有进取心」等解；sort的意思是「某一类人」「某种人」前不久，一位南方朋友来看我，Not long ago, a friend of mine called on me on his arrival from southern China.🎈(短暂)拜访、探访，看望call on/upon sb例句Sofia was intending to call on Miss Kitts.索菲娅打算去拜访基茨小姐。闲谈中说到他们的城市发展得很快，已经出现国外那种“富人区”了。While chatting together, he told me how, like in foreign countries, wealthy quarters had appeared in his own city in the wake of its fast development.🎈「（他们的城市）已经出现国外那种“富人区”了」不要一紧张就译成his own city had appeared wealthy quarters，这种译法不对。🎈随…之后而来、跟随在…后in the wake of例句There have been demonstrations on the streets in the wake of the recent bomb attack.在近来的轰炸之后，大街上随即出现了示威游行。我饶有兴趣地打听其中的情形，据说有的院子里还有喷水池，车库，门口还有保安，还养大狼狗。When I, out of curiosity, demanded to hear more details of them, he mentioned their fountains, garages, security personnel guarding the gates, wolfhounds, etc.🎈「我饶有兴趣地打听其中的情形」因「饶有兴趣地」在此意同「出于好奇」，故全句译为When I, out of curiosity, demanded to hear more details of them。🎈out of在不同语境中可以有不同的译法。此处，out of意为「出于」「由于」，后面的名词由具体事物转为某种心态或条件。例句out of fear出于害怕 out of habit按照习惯 out of pity出于怜悯心我无意中再次想到问过美国和日本朋友的那个问题，拿来问他：“有没有人去富人区参观？”Then I asked him the same question as I had asked my American and Japanese friends, “Do people visit the wealthy quarter?”🎈注意my American and Japanese friends的friends应用复数形式，指两个朋友。“有呀，常有人去看。但不能进去，在门口扒一扒头而已。”这位南方朋友说。“Yes, they often do,” said my friend. “But they can’t get into it. They can only watch it from outside the gate.”🎈from outside the gate：这是介词from的一个特殊用法，就是说，from之后还可以跟一个介词词组。有的语法书称之为双重介词（double preposition）“心理反应怎么样？会不会嫉妒？”“How do you feel? Aren’t you jealous?”🎈「心理反应怎么样？」按「感觉怎样？」之意译作How do you feel?“嫉妒？”他眉毛一扬，笑道，“何止嫉妒，恨不得把那小子宰了！”“Jealous?” he brightened up and said with a smile. “Not only jealous. We’re dying to finish off these rich guys.”🎈积累brighten up在此句语境中的用法。其英义为to start to look happy again（高兴）例句Oh, I know the answer!’ she said, brightening up.🎈渴望、极想be dying for sth/to do sth例句I’m dying to know what happened.我很想知道发生了什么事儿。🎈杀死，彻底摧毁、结束、清空finish sb/sth off或finish off sb/sth例句he wanted to finish off my peanuts.她想把我的花生吃完。我听了怔住。I was stunned to hear it.🎈…时感到震惊be stunned to…例句They were stunned to see the former champ get knocked out in the first round.他们在看到前冠军在第一回合就被淘汰时，都感到非常震惊。🔥必背词汇quarter cn.(城镇中某一类人群生活或工作的)区，地区英义A particular quarter of a town is a part of the town where a particular group of people traditionally live or work.例句Look for hotels in the French Quarter.在法国人居住区寻找旅馆。inhabit v.居住于，栖居在英义If a place or region is inhabited by a group of people or a species of animal, those people or animals live there.例句The valley is inhabited by the Dani tribe.山谷里居住着达尼部落。courtyard cn.庭院，院子，天井英义A courtyard is an open area of ground which is surrounded by buildings or walls.例句They walked through the arch and into the cobbled courtyard.他们穿过拱门走进铺着鹅卵石的院子。earthly adj.尘世的，世间的，人世的英义Earthly means happening in the material world of our life on earth and not in any spiritual life or life after death.例句They lived in an earthly paradise.他们生活在人间天堂。🔥重点表达富人区wealthy quarter、affluent quarter、rich quarter洛杉矶Los Angeles观光on a sightseeing tour人间天堂earthly paradise或paradise on earth向某人提问 put a question to sb遇上了一个好机会have met with a good opportunity这便是标准的“老美”式的回答The answer he gave was typical of Americans.十分看重、重视…set/put (great) store by sth稍稍想了想pondering for a moment优点 strong points主动地on his own initiative(短暂)拜访、探访，看望call on/upon sb随…之后而来、跟随在…后in the wake of出于好奇out of curiosity渴望、极想be dying for sth/to do sth杀死，彻底摧毁、结束、清空finish sb/sth off或finish off sb/sth…时感到震惊be stunned to…🔥复盘测试富人区洛杉矶观光人间天堂向某人提问遇上了一个好机会这便是标准的“老美”式的回答。十分看重、重视…稍稍想了想优点主动地(短暂)拜访、探访，看望随…之后而来、跟随在…后出于好奇渴望、极想杀死，彻底摧毁、结束、清空…时感到震惊🔥表达对比「优点」有几种表达？…把他的（长处）学到手，再设法超过他。… and try to excel him after learning all the strong points from him.那是他的（优点）之一。That’s one of the great things about him.所以这个系统有很多（优点）。So this system has loads of advantages.…但是有更多（优点）。… but with more strengths.这是你的(优点)之一。It’s one of your best qualities.
帕布莉卡