帕布莉卡《大雅·烝民》是中国古代第一部诗歌总集《诗经》中的一首诗，为周宣王时代的重臣尹吉甫所作，周宣王派仲山甫去齐地筑城，临行时尹吉甫作此诗赠之。全诗八章，每章八句，赞扬仲山甫的美德和辅佐宣王的政绩。此诗章法整饬，表达灵活，在说理中不时采用民间谚语、俗语，用词精当，还多用叠字，使诗歌既生动又入理，增加了表现力。
烝[1]民
天生烝民，
有物有则[2]。
民之秉彝[3]，
好是懿德。
天监有周，
昭假[4]于下。
保兹天子，
生仲山甫。
仲山甫之德，
柔嘉维则。
令仪令色，
小心翼翼。
古训是式，
威仪是力。
天子是若，
明命使赋[5]。
王命仲山甫，
式是百辟。
缵戎祖考，
王躬是保。
出纳王命，
王之喉舌。
赋政于外，
四方爰发[6]。
肃肃王命，
仲山甫将之。
邦国若否[7]，
仲山甫明之。
既明且哲，
以保其身。
夙夜匪解[8]，
以事一人。
人亦有言：
“柔则茹之，
刚则吐之。”
维仲山甫，
柔亦不茹，
刚亦不吐。
不侮矜寡，
不畏强御。
人亦有言：
“德[9]如毛，
民鲜克举之。”
我仪图[10]之，
维仲山甫举之，
爱莫助之。
衮[11]职有阙，
维仲山甫补之。
仲山甫出祖[12]，
四牡业业[13]。
征夫捷捷，
每怀[14]靡及。
四牡彭彭[15]，
八鸾锵锵。
王命仲山甫，
城彼东方。
四牡骙骙，
八鸾喈喈。
仲山甫徂[16]齐，
式遄其归。
吉甫作诵，
穆如清风。
仲山甫永怀，
以慰其心。
上天生育众百姓，
万事一定有法则。
人人保持生来性，
全都喜爱好美德。
老天监察我周朝，
诚心祈祷在下国。
为了保佑周天子，
生下山甫是贤哲。
山甫生性好品德，
温和善良有原则。
仪表端庄好气色，
谨慎小心不出格。
先王古训能遵循，
言行尽力与礼合。
事事顺承天子意，
传送命令听政策。
天子命令仲山甫，
要为诸侯做准绳。
祖先功业来继承，
辅佐周王保安宁。
王命出入来掌管，
作为喉舌责不轻。
颁布政令达诸侯，
天下四方都响应。
天命肃肃很严正，
山甫认真去执行。
国家事情好与坏，
山甫都能认识清。
知识渊博又明理，
保持自己好名声。
日夜辛劳不松怠，
侍奉周王保太平。
古人曾经这样说：
“东西要拣软的吃，
硬的东西往外吐。”
只有山甫一个人，
软的东西不乱吃，
东西再硬也不吐。
鳏寡弱者不欺侮，
强暴之人也不怕。
古人经常这样说：
“道德品行轻如毛，
很少有人能举高。”
暗暗思考细揣度，
做到只有仲山甫，
可惜无力能帮助。
龙袍上面有破损，
只有山甫能补好。
山甫出行要祭路，
四马高大真威风。
征夫敏捷动作快，
纵有私情不顾及。
四马奔驰走得急，
八只鸾铃响声齐。
周王命令仲山甫，
建城东方立功勋。
四马向前奔跑行，
八只鸾铃响不停。
山甫动身去齐国，
盼他早日起回程。
吉甫写下这首歌，
美如清风爽人心。
临行山甫多牵挂，
聊以此歌表心意。
注释：
[1] 烝：众多。
[2] 则：法则。
[3] 秉彝：秉性。
[4] 昭假：诚心祭告。
[5] 赋：发布。
[6] 发：行动，响应。
[7] 否：恶，不好。
[8] 解：懈怠。
[9] （yóu）：轻。
[10] 仪图：思考，揣度。
[11] 衮：龙袍。
[12] 祖：祭祀道路之神。
[13] 业业：高大强健的样子。
[14] 每怀：私情，私事。
[15] 彭彭（bāng bāng）：奔跑的样子。
[16] 徂：到。
Premier Shan Fu[1]
Heaven who made mankind
Endowed him with body and mind.
The people loved manhood.
Could they not love the good?
Heaven beheld our crown
And shed light up and down.
To help His son on earth,
To Shan Fu he gave birth.
Cadet Shan Fu is good,
Endowed with mild manhood.
Dignified is his air;
He behaves with great care,
He follows lessons old;
He is as strong as bold.
He follows Heaven’s Son
That his orders may be done.
The king orders him to appear
As pattern to each peer;
To serve as his ancestors dear
And protect the king here;
To give orders to old and young
And be the king’s throat and tongue;
To spread decrees and orders
That they be obeyed on four borders.
The orders dignified
Are spread out far and wide.
Premier Shan Fu does know
The kingdom’s weal and woe.
He’s wise and free from blame,
To guard his life and fame.
He’s busy night and day
To serve the king for aye.
As people have said oft,
“We choose to eat the soft
The hard will be cast out.”
On this Shan Fu cast doubt.
He won’t devour the soft;
Nor is the hard cast oft.
He’ll do the weak no wrong,
Nor will he fear the strong.
People say everywhere,
“Virtue is light as air;
But few can hold it high.”
I ponder with a sigh:
Only Shan Fu can hold it high
And needs no help from the sky.
When the king has defect,
Shan Fu helps him correct.
Where Shan Fu goes along,
Run his four horses strong.
His men alert would find
They often lag behind.
His four steeds run east-bound
To eight bells’ tinkling sound.
The king orders him to go down
To fortify the eastern town.
His four steeds galloping,
His eight bells gaily ring.
Shan Fu goes to Qi state;
His return won’t be late.
I, Ji Fu, make this song
To blow like breeze for long.
O Shan Fu, though we part,
My song will soothe your heart.
[1] This epic ode celebrated the virtue of Premier Shan Fu and his despatch to the east tofor tify the capital of the State of Qi (modern Shandong Provice). Like the preceding ode, this was also made by General Ji Fu to present to his friend on his departure from the court.
