《小雅·鱼丽》 -《诗经》英译-《诗经》中英双语赏析

《小雅·鱼丽》是中国古代第一部诗歌总集《诗经》中的一首诗。这是周代燕飧宾客通用的乐歌。全诗六章,前三章每章四句,后三章每章二句。诗中盛赞宴享时酒肴之甘美盛多,以见丰年多稼,主人待客殷勤,宾主共同欢乐的情景。诗人从鱼和酒两方面着笔,以鱼的品种众多,暗示其他肴馔的丰盛;以酒的既多且旨,表明宴席上宾主尽情欢乐的盛况。此诗前三章与后三章,互相辉映,其整体构思,颇见高妙。

鱼丽[1]

鱼丽于罶[2],

鲿[3]鲨[4]。

君子有酒,

旨[5]且多。

鱼丽于罶,

鲂鳢[6]。

君子有酒,

多且旨。

鱼丽于罶,

鰋[7]鲤。

君子有酒,

旨且有。

物其多矣,

维其嘉矣。

物其旨矣,

维[8]其偕矣。

物其有矣,

维其时矣。

鱼儿落进鱼篓里,

有黄鲿来有花鲨。

君子珍藏陈年酒,

醇厚味美量又多。

鱼儿落到鱼篓里,

有鳊鱼来有草鱼。

君子珍藏陈年酒,

量又多来味又美。

鱼儿落到鱼篓里,

有鲇鱼来有鲤鱼。

君子珍藏陈年酒,

味道醇美喝不尽。

美酒佳肴真正多,

味道也是很不错。

美酒佳肴真可口,

摆放也是很整齐。

美酒佳肴吃不完,

都是时鲜真难得。

注释:

[1] 丽(lí):通“罹”,遭遇。

[2] 罶(liǔ):鱼网。

[3] 鲿(cháng):黄颊鱼。

[4] 鲨:一种小鱼,又名(tuó)。

[5] 旨:味美。

[6] 鳢(lǐ):草鱼。

[7] (yǎn):鲇(nián)鱼。

[8] 维:是。

Fish and Wine[1]

How fish in the basket are fine!

Sand-blowers and yellow-jaws as food.

Our host has wine

So abundant and good.

How fish in the basket are fine!

So many tenches and breams.

Our host has wine

So good and abundant it seems.

How fish in the basket are fine!

So many carps and mud-fish.

Our host has wine

As abundant as you wish.

How abundant the food

So delicious and good!

How delicious the food at hand

From the sea and the land!

We love the food with reason

For it is all in season.

[1] This was an ode used at district entertainments. The domain of the king was divided into six districts of which the more trusted and able officers were presented every third year to the king and feasted. The same thing took place in the states which were divided into three districts. At the former of those entertainments this ode was sung in the first place.

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