《小雅·何人斯》 -《诗经》英译-《诗经》中英双语赏析

《小雅·何人斯》是中国古代第一部诗歌总集《诗经》中的一首诗。此诗旧说解作绝交诗,今人多解为怨妇诗。全诗八章,每章六句,语言极有批判力,三问“彼何人斯?”极富有指斥口吻;三问“胡逝我梁?”直指对方的不苟不轨行为,有如面斥其为人所不齿。

何人斯

彼何人斯?

其心孔艰[1]。

胡逝我梁,

不入我门?

伊谁云从?

维暴之云。

二人从行,

谁为此祸?

胡逝我梁,

不入唁我?

始者不如今,

云不我可。

彼何人斯?

胡逝我陈[2]。

我闻其声,

不见其身。

不愧于人,

不畏于天。

彼何人斯?

其为飘风。

胡不自北,

胡不自南?

胡逝我梁,

只搅我心?

尔之安行,

亦不遑舍。

尔之亟行,

遑脂[3]尔车。

壹[4]者之来,

云何其盱[5]!

尔还而入,

我心易[6]也。

还而不入,

否[7]难知也。

壹者之来,

俾我祗[8]也。

伯氏吹埙[9],

仲氏吹篪[10]。

及尔如贯,

谅不我知。

出此三物[11],

以诅尔斯。

为鬼为蜮[12],

则不可得。

有䩄 [13]面目,

视人罔极[14]。

作此好歌,

以极仅侧。

那是一个什么人?

他的心思难观察。

为啥经过我鱼梁,

又不进入我家门?

要问他听谁的话,

暴公说啥他听啥。

两个人儿一同行,

这祸是由谁闯下?

为何经过我鱼梁,

却不进门来慰问?

当初不是这样的,

如今都说我不对。

那是一个什么人?

为何经过我堂前。

我只听到他脚步,

却看不见他身影。

面对世人不惭愧,

心里也不怕苍天。

那是一个什么人?

好比风儿飘不定。

为何不从北边来,

为何不从南边来?

为何经过我鱼梁,

恰好扰乱我内心?

你要缓缓地行走,

却也来不及停留。

你在路上走得急,

甭想停住你的车。

每次经过我门前,

我的心中多盼望!

你回来时入家门,

我的心情多欢快。

你回来时不进家,

是何心思实难猜。

每次你到我家来,

都能够使我心安。

大哥来吹埙,

二哥来吹篪。

我们就像一根绳,

竟然于我不深知。

拿出祭物猪狗鸡,

一起盟誓诅咒你。

你是厉鬼和短狐,

飘来飘去无踪影。

只是有个人相貌,

待人却没有准则。

苦心作好此歌谣,

追究你的不公允。

注释:

[1] 艰:阴险。

[2] 陈:堂前的路。

[3] 脂:止住车。

[4] 壹:每次。

[5] 盱:希望。

[6] 易:高兴。

[7] 否:语气助词,无意义。

[8] 祇(qí):病。

[9] 埙(xūn):古代吹奏的乐器。

[10] 篪(chí):横笛。竹制。

[11] 三物:指猪、犬、鸡。

[12] 蜮:短狐。

[13] 䩄(tiǎn):露脸见人。

[14] 极:准则。

Friend or Foe?[1]

Who’s the man coming here

So deep and full of hate?

My dame he’s coming near.

But enters not my gate.

Is he a follower

Of the tyrant? Yes, sir.

Two friends we did appear;

Alone I am in woes.

My dam he’s coming near,

But past my gate he goes.

He is diferent now;

He has broken his vow.

Who’s the man coming here,

Passing before my door?

His voice I only hear,

But see no man of yore.

How can he not fear then

Neither heaven nor men?

Who’s the man coming forth

Like a whirlwind which roars?

Why does he not go north

Nor to the southern shores?

Why comes he near my dam

And disturbs what I am?

Even when you walk slow,

You won’t stop where you are.

And then when fast you go,

How can you grease your car?

You will not come to see,

Let alone comfort me.

If you should but come in,

Then I would feel at ease.

But you do not come in,

I know you’re hard to please.

You won’t come to see me,

Nor will set my heart free.

Earthern whistle you blew;

I played bamboo flute long.

When I was friend with you,

We had sung the same song.

Before oferings now,

Can you forget your vow?

I curse you as a ghost,

For you have left no trace.

I will not be your host

I see your ugly face.

But I sing in distress

For you are pitiless.

[1] The speaker, sufering from slander and suspecting that the slanderer was an old friend,intimated the grounds of his suspicion and lamented his case, while he would welcome the restoration of their former relations.

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