《离骚》 -《楚辞》英译-《楚辞》中英双语赏析

离骚

帝高阳[1]之苗裔[2]兮,

朕[3]皇考曰伯庸。

摄提[4]贞[5]于孟陬[6]兮,

惟庚寅吾以降。

皇[7]览揆[8]余初度[9]兮,

肇锡[10]余以嘉名。

名余曰正则兮,

字余曰灵均。

纷吾既有此内美兮,

又重之以修能。

扈[11]江离与辟芷兮,

纫[12]秋兰以为佩。

汩[13]余若将不及兮,

恐年岁之不吾与。

朝搴阰之木兰兮[14],

夕揽洲之宿莽。

日月忽其不淹[15]兮,

春与秋其代序。

惟草木之零落兮,

恐美人之迟暮。

不抚壮而弃秽兮,

何不改乎此度?

乘骐骥以驰骋兮,

来吾道夫先路!

昔三后之纯粹兮,

固众芳之所在。

杂申椒与菌桂兮,

岂惟纫夫蕙茝[16]?

彼尧、舜之耿介兮,

既遵道而得路。

何桀纣之猖披[17]兮,

夫唯捷径以窘步。

惟夫党人[18]之偷乐兮,

路幽昧以险隘。

岂余身之惮殃兮,

恐皇舆[19]之败绩。

忽奔走以先后兮,

及前王之踵武。

荃[20]不察余之中情兮,

反信谗而齌怒[21]。

余固知謇謇之为患兮,

忍而不能舍也。

指九天以为正兮,

夫唯灵修之故也。

曰黄昏已为期兮,

羌中道而改路。

初既与余成言兮,

后悔遁而有他。

余既不难夫离别兮,

伤灵修之数化。

余既滋[22]兰之九畹[23]兮,

又树蕙之百亩。

畦留夷与揭车[24]兮,

杂杜衡[25]与芳芷。

冀枝叶之峻茂兮,

愿俟时乎吾将刈[26]。

虽萎绝其亦何伤兮,

哀众芳之芜秽。

众皆竞进以贪婪兮,

凭不厌乎求索。

羌内恕己以量人兮,

各兴心而嫉妒。

忽驰骛以追逐兮,

非余心之所急。

老冉冉其将至兮,

恐修名之不立。

朝饮木兰之坠露兮,

夕餐秋菊之落英。

苟余情其信姱以练要兮,

长顑颔[27]亦何伤!

揽木根以结茝兮,

贯薜荔之落蕊。

矫菌桂以纫蕙兮,

索胡绳之纚纚。

謇吾法夫前修兮,

非世俗之所服。

虽不周于今之人兮,

愿依彭咸之遗则!

长太息以掩涕兮,

哀民生之多艰。

余虽好修姱以鞿羁兮,

謇朝谇而夕替。

既替余以蕙纕兮,

又申之以揽茝。

亦余心之所善兮,

虽九死其犹未悔!

怨灵修之浩荡兮,

终不察夫民心。

众女嫉余之娥眉兮,

谣诼谓余以善淫。

固时俗之工巧兮,

偭规矩而改错[28]。

背绳墨[29]以追曲兮,

竞周容以为度。

忳[30]郁邑余侘傺兮,

吾独穷困乎此时也。

宁溘死以流亡兮,

余不忍为此态也!

鸷鸟之不群兮,

自前世而固然。

何方圜之能周兮,

夫孰异道而相安?

屈心而抑志兮,

忍尤而攘诟。

伏清白以死直兮,

固前圣之所厚。

悔相道之不察兮,

延伫乎吾将反。

回朕车以复路兮,

及行迷之未远。

步余马于兰皋兮,

驰椒丘且焉止息。

进不入以离尤兮,

退将复修吾初服。

制芰荷以为衣兮,

集芙蓉以为裳。

不吾知其亦已兮。

苟余情其信芳。

高余冠之岌岌兮。

长余佩之陆离。

芳与泽其杂糅兮,

唯昭质其犹未亏。

忽反顾以游目兮,

将往观乎四荒。

佩缤纷其繁饰兮,

芳菲菲其弥章。

民生各有所乐兮,

余独好修以为常。

虽体解吾犹未变兮,

岂余心之可惩!

女媭[31]之婵嫒兮,

申申其詈予曰:

鲧婞直以亡身兮,

终然夭乎羽之野。

汝何博謇而好修兮,

纷独有此姱节?

薋菉葹[32]以盈室兮,

判独离而不服。

众不可户说兮,

孰云察余之中情?

世并举而好朋兮,

夫何茕独而不予听?

依前圣以节中兮,

喟凭心而历兹。

济沅湘以南征兮,

就重华[33]而陈词:

启[34]《九辩》与《九歌》兮,

夏康娱以自纵。

不顾难以图后兮,

五子用失乎家巷。

羿淫游以佚畋兮,

又好射夫封狐[35]。

固乱流其鲜终兮,

浞[36]又贪夫厥家。

浇[37]身被服强圉[38]兮,

纵欲而不忍。

日康娱而自忘兮,

厥首用夫颠陨。

夏桀之常违兮,

乃遂焉而逢殃。

后辛[39]之菹醢[40]兮,

殷宗用之不长。

汤、禹俨而祗[41]敬兮,

周论道而莫差。

举贤才而授能兮,

循绳墨而不颇。

皇天无私阿兮,

览民德焉错辅。

夫维圣哲以茂行兮,

苟得用此下土。

瞻前而顾后兮,

相观民之计极。

夫孰非义而可用兮?

孰非善而可服?

阽[42]余身而危死兮,

览余初其犹未悔。

不量凿而正枘兮,

固前修以菹醢。

曾歔欷[43]余郁邑兮,

哀朕时之不当。

揽茹蕙以掩涕兮,

沾余襟之浪浪。

跪敷衽[44]以陈辞兮,

耿吾既得此中正。

驷玉虬以乘鹥[45]兮,

溘埃风余上征。

朝发轫[46]于苍梧兮,

夕余至乎县圃。

欲少留此灵琐兮,

日忽忽其将暮。

吾令羲和[47]弭节兮,

望崦嵫[48]而勿迫。

路漫漫其修远兮,

吾将上下而求索。

饮余马于咸池兮,

总余辔[49]乎扶桑。

折若木以拂日兮,

聊逍遥以相羊[50]。

前望舒使先驱兮,

后飞廉使奔属。

鸾皇为余先戒兮,

雷师告余以未具。

吾令凤鸟飞腾兮,

继之以日夜。

飘风屯其相离兮,

帅云霓而来御。

纷总总其离合兮,

斑陆离其上下。

吾令帝阍[51]开关兮,

倚阊阖[52]而望予。

时暧暧其将罢兮,

结幽兰而延伫。

世溷浊而不分兮,

好蔽美而嫉妒。

朝吾将济于白水兮,

登阆风[53]而緤马。

忽反顾以流涕兮,

哀高丘之无女。

溘吾游此春宫兮,

折琼枝以继佩。

及荣华之未落兮,

相下女之可诒。

吾令丰隆[54]乘云兮,

求宓[55]妃之所在。

解佩纕以结言兮,

吾令蹇修以为理。

纷总总其离合兮,

忽纬繣其难迁。

夕归次于穷石兮,

朝濯发乎洧盘。

保厥美以骄傲兮,

日康娱以淫游。

虽信美而无礼兮,

来违弃而改求。

览相观于四极兮,

周流乎天余乃下。

望瑶台之偃蹇兮,

见有娀[56]之佚女。

吾令鸩为媒兮,

鸩告余以不好。

雄鸠之鸣逝兮,

余犹恶其佻巧。

心犹豫而狐疑兮,

欲自适而不可。

凤皇既受诒兮,

恐高辛之先我。

欲远集而无所止兮,

聊浮游以逍遥。

及少康之未家兮,

留有虞之二姚。

理弱而媒拙兮,

恐导言之不固。

世溷浊而嫉贤兮,

好蔽美而称恶。

闺中既以邃远兮,

哲王又不寤。

怀朕情而不发兮,

余焉能忍与此终古!

索藑茅[57]以筳篿[58]兮,

命灵氛[59]为余占之。

曰:两美其必合兮,

孰信修而慕之?

思九州之博大兮,

岂唯是其有女?

曰:勉远逝而无狐疑兮,

孰求美而释女?

何所独无芳草兮?

尔何怀乎故宇?

世幽昧以眩曜兮,

孰云察余之善恶?

民好恶其不同兮,

惟此党人其独异。

户服艾以盈要兮,

谓幽兰其不可佩。

览察草木其犹未得兮,

岂珵[60]美之能当?

苏粪壤以充帏兮,

谓申椒其不芳。

欲从灵氛之吉占兮,

心犹豫而狐疑。

巫咸[61]将夕降兮,

怀椒糈[62]而要之。

百神翳其备降兮,

九疑缤其并迎。

皇剡剡其扬灵兮,

告余以吉故。

曰:勉升降以上下兮,

求矩矱[63]之所同。

汤、禹严而求合兮,

挚、咎繇[64]而能调。

苟中情其好修兮,

又何必用夫行媒?

说操筑于傅岩兮,

武丁用而不疑。

吕望之鼓刀兮,

遭周文而得举。

宁戚之讴歌兮,

齐桓闻以该辅。

及年岁之未晏兮,

时亦犹其未央。

恐鹈鴂[65]之先鸣兮,

使夫百草为之不芳!

何琼佩之偃蹇兮,

众薆然[66]而蔽之。

惟此党人之不谅兮,

恐嫉妒而折之。

时缤纷其变易兮,

又何可以淹留?

兰芷变而不芳兮,

荃蕙化而为茅。

何昔日之芳草兮,

今直为此萧艾也。

岂其有他故兮,

莫好修之害也!

余以兰为可恃兮,

羌无实而容长。

委厥美以从俗兮,

苟得列乎众芳。

椒专佞以慢慆兮,

榝[67]又欲充夫佩帏。

既干进而务入兮,

又何芳之能祗?

固时俗之流从兮,

又孰能无变化?

览椒兰其若兹兮,

又况揭车与江离?

惟兹佩之可贵兮,

委厥美而历兹。

芳菲菲而难亏兮,

芬至今犹未沫。

和调度以自娱兮,

聊浮游而求女。

及余饰之方壮兮,

周流观乎上下。

灵氛既告余以吉占兮,

历吉日乎吾将行。

折琼枝以为羞兮,

精琼爢[68]以为粻[69]。

为余驾飞龙兮,

杂瑶象以为车。

何离心之可同兮?

吾将远逝以自疏。

邅[70]吾道夫昆仑兮,

路修远以周流。

扬云霓之晻蔼[71]兮,

鸣玉鸾之啾啾。

朝发轫于天津兮,

夕余至乎西极。

凤皇翼其承旂[72]兮,

高翱翔之翼翼。

忽吾行此流沙兮,

遵赤水而容与。

麾蛟龙使梁津兮,

诏西皇使涉予。

路修远以多艰兮,

腾众车使径待。

路不周[73]以左转兮,

指西海以为期。

屯余车其千乘兮,

齐玉轪而并驰。

驾八龙之婉婉兮,

载云旗之委蛇。

抑志而弭节兮,

神高驰之邈邈。

奏《九歌》而舞《韶》兮,

聊假日以媮[74]乐。

陟升皇之赫戏兮,

忽临睨夫旧乡。

仆夫悲余马怀兮,

蜷局顾而不行。

乱[75]曰:已矣哉!

国无人莫我知兮,

又何怀乎故都?

既莫足与为美政兮,

吾将从彭咸之所居!

注释:

[1] 高阳:传说中远古部落的首领,名颛顼,号高阳氏。

[2] 苗裔:远末的子孙。

[3] 朕:古时候不论贵贱都可以称“我”为“朕”,这里指“我”,到了秦始皇的时候,“朕”才变成皇帝的专称。

[4] 摄提:古代纪年的一个术语,全称摄提格,相当于今天所说的寅年,即虎年。

[5] 贞:正。

[6] 孟陬(zōu):孟,古语开始的意思;陬,夏历的正月。

[7] 皇:指其父亲,也就是上文的伯庸。

[8] 揆(kuí):揣度。

[9] 初度:刚出生时。

[10] 锡:赐。

[11] 扈:披在身上。

[12] 纫(rèn):连缀。

[13] 汩(ɡǔ):水流急促,形容时光如水,一去不返。

[14] 搴(qiān):拔取。阰(pí),小山坡。

[15] 淹:长久地停留。

[16] 蕙:香草名。茝(chǎi),白芷。

[17] 猖披:穿着衣服不系腰带,形容放荡不检。

[18] 党人:结党营私的小人。

[19] 皇舆:君王所乘的车子,比喻国家。

[20] 荃(quán):一种香草,比喻君王。

[21] 齌(jì)怒:怒火旺盛。

[22] 滋:种植。

[23] 畹(wǎn):古代计量单位,三十亩田为一畹。

[24] 留夷:香草名。揭车:香草名。

[25] 杜衡:香草名。

[26] 刈(yì):收割,收获。

[27] 顑颔(kǎn hàn):面黄肌瘦的样子。

[28] 偭(miǎn):违背。错,同“措”,措施。

[29] 绳墨:画直线的工具。

[30] 忳(tún):忧虑。

[31] 女媭(xū):屈原的姐姐。一说,屈原的侍女。

[32] 薋(cí):杂草堆积。菉(lù)、葹(shī):都是普通的草。比喻小人之多充斥朝廷。

[33] 重华:舜帝,相传死后葬在九嶷山。

[34] 启:夏启,大禹的儿子。

[35] 封狐:大狐狸。

[36] 浞(zhuó):寒浞,传说是后羿的臣子,指使家臣逢蒙杀死后羿,强占了后羿的妻子。

[37] 浇(ào):寒浇,寒浞的儿子。

[38] 圉(yǔ):防御。

[39] 后辛:纣王。

[40] 菹(zū):酸菜。醢(hǎi):肉酱。

[41] 祗:尊敬。

[42] 阽(diàn):接近边缘即将堕落。

[43] 歔欷(xū xī):反复叹息。

[44] 敷衽(fū rèn):跪下时把衣服的前襟铺在地面。

[45] 鹥(yī):凤凰一类的鸟,有五彩羽毛。

[46] 轫:放在车轮前的木头,以制止车轮滚动。

[47] 羲和:神话传说中驾驭太阳的人,传说中他以六条龙为太阳驾车。

[48] 崦嵫(yān zī):传说中太阳落山之处。

[49] 辔(pèi):马缰绳。

[50] 相羊:徜徉。

[51] 阍(hūn):守门人。帝阍,天宫的守门人。

[52] 阊阖(chāng hé):天门。

[53] 阆(làng)风:神话中的山名。

[54] 丰隆:云神。

[55] 宓(fú):神话中人名。

[56] 有娀(sōng):古代国名。

[57] 藑(qióng)茅:一种仙草。

[58] 筳篿(tíng zhuān):用来占卜的竹器。

[59] 灵氛:古代占卜的人。

[60] 珵(chéng):美玉。

[61] 巫咸:古代神巫。

[62] 糈(xǔ):精米。

[63] 矩矱(jǔ yuē):前面所说的规矩绳墨。

[64] 咎繇(gāo yáo):皋陶,舜帝的贤臣。

[65] 鹈鴂(tí jué):杜鹃。

[66] 薆(ài)然:遮蔽的样子。

[67] 榝(shā):茱萸。

[68] 爢(mí):同“靡”,细屑。

[69] 粻(zhāng):粮食。

[70] 邅(zhān):转。

[71] 晻蔼(ǎn ǎi):云气很旺盛的样子。

[72] 旂(qí):旗帜。

[73] 不周:神话中的山名。

[74] 媮(yú):快乐。

[75] 乱:终篇的结语,尾声。

我是颛顼古帝远末的子孙,

已故伟大的伯庸是我的父亲。

我出生在虎年的正月里,

庚寅那天我出生了。

父亲揣度我出生时的情形,

开始给我取个好的名和字。

为我取名叫“正则”,

给我取字叫“灵均”。

我不仅有美好的内在品德,

又富有行事的才能。

江蓠和芷草披在我肩上,

秋兰连缀佩在腰间。

如水光阴难以追赶,

唯恐年岁会不等待我。

清晨我折取土山上的木兰,

黄昏采摘水边上的青藻。

日落月出周而复始,

春去秋来年复一年。

想到草木一到秋天便凋零,

我便担心佳人青春的逝去。

为何不趁着年轻改变秽恶的行为,

为什么不改变现在的法度?

驾着骏马我将要奔驰,

你来吧,我要为你在前面引路!

古时候的三王是多么公正无私,

在那时固然是群贤聚集如群芳聚会。

其中也夹杂着申椒和菌桂啊,

不仅有白芷连缀蕙草。

想唐尧和虞舜真是光明正直,

沿着正路走上了正当轨道。

而夏桀和殷纣是怎样糊涂,

总爱贪走捷径反而走投无路。

结党营私的人们只知道苟且偷安,

他们的道路黑暗而狭隘。

难道我怕自己会遭殃吗?

我只是怕君王的天下要覆亡。

我匆匆地在前在后奔走效力,

希望能追赶上先王们的脚步。

君王你既不肯明察我胸中的忠诚,

反而听信谗言对我勃然发怒。

我诚然知道耿直会招来祸害啊,

但我却忍耐着痛苦不能放弃。

我要请九重的上天做我的证人,

我忠于君王并无他意。

既然有约在先,

为何中途要改变心意?

当初既然已经和我有约,

后来为何反悔而改变主张。

我和你的分离也不怎么难堪,

只叹息你的为人太反复无常。

我已经种下了九畹的春兰,

又栽下上百亩的秋蕙。

我曾把留夷和揭车种了一田,

还夹杂着一些杜衡和芳芷之类。

希望它们枝叶茂盛,

等待时机我便要收割。

即使它们萎谢了也不要紧,

可悲的是芳草的荒芜。

大家都争着钻营而又贪婪,

利欲熏心全然不知满足。

放纵着自己而猜忌别人,

处心积虑而互相嫉妒。

忙忙碌碌争名夺利,

那些都不是我关心的。

衰老正在渐渐地来到,

我担心好的声名难以确立。

清晨我饮用着木兰花上的清露,

傍晚以凋落的菊瓣充饥。

只要我的情操坚贞不屈,

即使长久地面黄肌瘦啊又有何妨!

用树木的细根来编织芷草,

又穿上了薜荔花落下的花朵。

我把菌桂削直后连缀蕙英,

用胡绳草编成长长的绳索垂曳。

我以古代的贤人为榜样,

因此才不为世俗所喜欢;

虽然不能和今世的人志同道合,

我宁愿遵从彭咸遗留下的法则。

我长长叹息不禁泪流满面,

可怜人生多么艰难。

我虽然是爱好修洁并因此自我约束,

早上进谏晚上便被废弃。

既然说我不该佩戴蕙草,

更因为重新系上芷草而加罪。

这是我内心的爱好,

纵使是死上九回我也不会悔改啊!

只恨君王真是荒唐,

始终不了解我的忠心。

美女们嫉妒我的丰姿,

争相造谣说我是生性淫荡。

他们本是媚俗的人,

违背规矩而改变法度。

抛弃了一定的准绳只图邪曲,

争相以圆滑为处世法则。

真是忧郁、孤独、失望,

我独独在这个时候如此困窘。

我宁愿立刻死去而魂飞魄散,

也决不肯做出同流合污的丑态。

鹰和隼不能够和凡鸟同群,

自古就是这样。

哪有方和圆能够互相契合,

政见不合哪能相安无事?

我委屈着情怀,抑制着意气,

忍受着谴责,排遣着羞耻。

抱定清白的节操为正义而死,

本是前代的圣人之所称许。

后悔当初没有察看清楚我的道路,

略为停顿我便要回头。

把我的车马掉转走回老路,

趁着迷途还不算远赶快罢休。

让我的马儿在长满兰草的水边徜徉,

奔跑一阵后我们在椒丘上暂时休息。

我不想再进谏以遭受祸殃,

我要退回故乡整理我的旧衣。

我要把菱荷裁成上衣,

把荷花编织成下裳。

没人知道我也就算了吧,

只要我的内心是真正的芬芳。

让头上的帽子耸起得高又高,

让项下的玉佩长长曳地,

芳香和污垢即使混在一起,

清白的本质丝毫无损。

忽然又回过头四处张望,

打算往四方荒远之地观光。

佩上五彩缤纷的装饰,

浓郁的花香向四方远扬。

世上的人们各有所好,

我独独爱好修洁习以为常。

即使粉身碎骨也不肯变更,

难道我的心还会怕受人威胁?

我的姐姐殷勤地替我操心,

她一再劝诫着我说:

鲧就是刚直而不顾性命,

终竟早夭在羽山下。

你为什么总是要孤高而洁身自好,

偏偏一个人穿着这样的奇装?

生刍和枲耳堆满了屋子,

你却与众不同地远离它们。

众人不能够一一地加以说服,

谁人能够看清我们的本心?

世人都喜欢结党营私,

你为何宁愿孤独也不听我的劝?

我按照先圣的言行节制性情,

但遭遇这样的不公不禁悲愤填膺。

渡过了沅水和湘水走向南方,

我要到舜帝灵前诉说我的委屈。

夏启创作了《九辩》与《九歌》,

太康便用它当作娱乐自行放纵。

毫无深远的谋虑以备后患,

因此五个儿子祸起萧墙。

后羿沉溺于田猎,

喜欢射杀硕大的野狐。

淫乱之徒当没有好结果,

况臣子寒浞霸占了他的妻子。

寒浞的儿子浇自恃武力,

寻欢作乐放纵着自己,

他每日里欢乐得忘乎其形,

终于失掉了他自己的脑袋。

夏桀总是违背正道,

到头来还是遭逢祸殃。

纣王把自己的忠良剁成肉酱,

殷朝的王位也因而不能久长。

商汤和夏禹都很谨慎处世,

周初的帝王也善于讲求理法,

他们都能在政治上举贤任能,

遵守着法度规矩没有偏颇。

上天真是公道无私,

看到了有德行就予以帮助。

也正因为有德的圣人和贤士,

才能让统治下的四海之滨成为乐土。

回顾过去展望未来,

我明白了人生的路径。

不义的人不可以任用吗?

不善的事不会为人服膺吗?

纵使是面临丧失性命的危险,

我回顾过去也绝不反悔。

不度量凿孔就直接插楔子,

古代的贤人因此被剁成肉酱。

我是多么忧闷而呜咽哭泣,

哀怜自己生不逢时。

拿起柔软的蕙草擦干眼泪,

伤心的眼泪沾湿了衣襟。

铺开前襟我跪下表述衷情,

心中耿耿心绪渐渐安宁。

我要以玉虬为马驾车,

飘忽地离开尘世向那天上冉冉升去。

清晨我从苍梧之野出发,

晚上便落到昆仑山上的悬圃。

我想在这神灵门前逗留片刻,

太阳匆匆地就要西下。

我便叫羲和把车慢慢地依节前行,

不要让太阳迫近崦嵫。

途程还十分长远,

我要上天入地去寻索真理。

姑且让我的马儿在咸池喝水,

让我的车子系上扶桑,

折取若木的丫枝遮蔽太阳,

姑且留在这儿逍遥徜徉。

想叫望舒替我做前驱,

让风伯飞廉在后紧紧跟随。

鸾凰替我在前面警卫,

雷师走来告诉我还未准备就绪。

我便令凤凰展翅高飞,

日日夜夜不做停留。

旋风聚集着紧紧相连,

率领着云和霓对我表示欢迎。

乱纷纷聚散不停,

或上或下光辉灿烂。

我命令天国的守卫把门打开,

他倚着天门对我不理不睬。

时光匆匆天色已晚,

我寄情幽兰而长久伫立。

世间是这样混浊而不辨贤愚,

因为嫉妒而抹杀人的美德。

等到天明时我渡过白水,

我要登上那阆风山把马拴住。

忽然回望我泪流满面,

可怜这天国再无神女可求。

我飘忽地来到了春神的宫殿,

折下琼枝来点缀我的兰佩。

趁着这琼枝上的瑶花还未飘零,

我要到下方寻找可以相赠的佳人。

云师丰隆为我驾着云彩,

替我找寻宓妃的踪迹。

我把兰佩解下致意,

拜托了蹇修代表我去传情达意。

开始总是忙碌奔波若即若离,

忽然又执拗说难以说服对方。

她晚上回家在穷石过夜,

清晨在洧盘堆云梳头。

她因为保存着美貌而骄傲,

成天都欢乐着在外游玩。

面貌纵然娇艳但不守礼节,

我要丢弃她另做他求。

在天空中观遍了四极八荒,

周游一番我又回到这下界。

遥望巍峨的瑶台,

我看见了有娀氏的佳人。

我吩咐鸩鸟给我做媒,

鸩鸟告诉我说她不好。

雄的斑鸠善于言辞远飞而去,

但我又嫌他实在轻薄佻巧。

我心里踌躇着而又狐疑,

想要自己前去又觉得不妥。

凤凰已替我把礼物送她,

我怕高辛氏赶在我之前。

想去远方但又无可投靠,

我只能流浪着逍遥彷徨。

趁少康还没有结婚,

还留下有虞氏的两位姚姓美女。

但信使无能媒人又没有口才,

我恐怕这次的求婚也是不成;

人世间是混浊而嫉妒贤能,

总喜欢隐人美德而说人过失。

这些美人的香闺既深邃而难于接近,

英明的君王又始终不肯醒悟。

我满怀忠贞无处可诉,

我哪能够就这样忍耐着死去!

我找来了灵草和细竹,

请求女巫灵氛为我占卜。

占辞道:男才女貌本是天配,

哪有真正的美人而没人爱他?

想想九州的广大,

难道只有这里有佳人?

又说:鼓励你去四方不要逡巡,

又哪有寻求君子的佳人会把你丢下?

天地间哪儿会没有香草呢?

你为什么一定要眷恋故乡?

这个世界是黑暗而又蒙昧,

谁能够辨别出我的好坏?

人们的好恶到底各不相同,

只有一帮小人特别怪异。

他们都拿些野蒿挂满腰间,

偏要说芬芳的幽兰不可佩戴。

连草木的好坏都还不能辨清,

又怎么能评价美玉?

用粪土来充满香囊,

偏要说申椒一点也不芳香。

本打算听从这灵氛的吉言,

我心里踌躇着犹疑不决。

听说巫咸将要在暮昏时降神,

我抱着香椒和精米前往接迎。

众多神仙缥缈地降临,

九嶷山的神仙纷纷前往迎接。

神祇发出了无限的灵光显示真诚,

巫咸又告诉了我一些吉祥往事。

他说:你应该努力地上天下地索求,

去追求意气相投的同道。

商汤和夏禹都虔诚地寻求贤臣,

终于得到了伊尹和皋陶。

只要内心善良纯洁,

没有媒介君臣也能遇合。

傅说原本在傅岩筑墙,

武丁拜他为相毫不猜疑。

姜子牙本是拿刀的屠夫,

遇到周文王便得到举荐。

宁戚一边唱歌一边敲击着牛角,

齐桓公听后便请他为宰相。

趁着年岁还不老,

时光还很充裕。

只怕杜鹃早早鸣唱,

百草都为之枯萎。

为何我的玉佩会黯然失色,

是因为小人们将它的光芒掩盖。

这些结党营私的小人真不诚信,

恐怕是因为妒忌才会掩盖它的光芒。

世事纷乱变化无常,

又怎么能长留此地?

兰芷都已改变而失去芬芳,

荃蕙也都成了无用的茅草。

为何昔日的香草,

现在都成了萧艾之流的贱草。

难道还有别的原因吗?

都是它们不洁身自好啊!

我本以为香兰可以依靠,

谁知它内无诚信虚有外表。

丢弃美好的品德追随媚俗,

苟且排在众多芳草之列。

香椒专横而傲慢,

连茱萸也想填满香囊。

既然这么钻营求进,

又怎么能对芳华本有的品格抱有敬意?

世人都会随波逐流,

谁又能毫不动摇?

看到香椒和兰草这样,

又何况揭车和江蓠呢?

只有我的玉佩值得尊敬,

经种种患难仍能坚持忠贞操守。

芬芳依旧丝毫不减,

清香至今都还没有消失。

我的格调与法度自相和谐,

姑且周游各地寻求佳人。

趁着我的服饰正华美繁艳,

我要周游天上人间。

灵氛既然把吉卦告诉了我,

选个吉日子我将上路。

折下琼枝当作精美的佳肴,

将美玉碾碎以当粮。

请为我驾起飞龙,

用美玉和象牙装饰我的车。

意见不合怎能共处,

我将独自踏上远游的征程。

我转道去往昆仑山,

路途遥远曲折回环。

车上的云旗遮蔽了太阳,

玉制鸾铃的声音玎玎玲玲如凤鸣。

清晨我从天河出发,

傍晚我便来到了西方辽远之地。

凤凰展翅接住我的旌旗,

飞得又高又整齐。

忽然间我来到西北沙漠地带,

沿着赤水我一路徜徉。

指挥蛟龙为我搭起桥梁,

命令西皇将我送往对岸。

路途遥远而艰辛,

让众车行在小路等待我。

经过不周山我向左转,

指定西海为相约地点。

再把千乘车子集合起来,

玉轮并排一起向前。

驾车的八条龙蜿蜒游动,

云霓般的旗帜随风飘荡。

姑且压抑心志缓缓而行,

但心神驰骋广阔遥远。

奏响《九歌》舞起《韶》,

姑且借着大好时光及时行乐。

皇祖的赫赫灵光升起光明一片,

恍惚中猛然又看到了故乡。

仆人悲痛我的马也有所思,

屈身犹豫着止步不前。

尾声唱:算了吧!

既然楚国没人理解我,

我又何必怀念故都?

既然不能和他们共同实施美政,

我只好追随彭咸前去他的居所。

Sorrow after Departure

Descendant of High Sunny King, oh!

My father’s name shed sunny ray.

The Wooden Star appeared in spring, oh!

When I was born on Tiger’s Day.

My father saw my birthday bright, oh!

He gave me an auspicious name.

My formal name was Divine Right, oh!

I was also called Divine Flame.

I have so much beauty inside, oh!

And add to it a style ornate.

I weave sweet grass by riverside, oh!

Into a belt with orchids late.

Like running water years will pass, oh!

I fear time and tide wait for none.

At dawn I gather mountain grass, oh!

At dusk I pick secluded one.

The sun and the moon will not stay, oh!

Spring will give place to autumn cold.

Grass will wither and trees decay, oh!

I fear that beauty will grow old.

Give up the foul while young and strong, oh!

Why won’t you my lord, change your style and way?

Ride your fine steed, gallop along, oh!

I’ll go before you lest you stray.

Three ancient kings were pure and true, oh!

Around them flocked all fragrant things.

Pepper and cassia also grew, oh!

Sweet orchids were formed into rings.

The first two monarchs were so bright, oh!

That they followed and gained the way.

The two last kings were in sad plight, oh!

They sought bypaths and came to bay.

Your partisans love stolen pleasure, oh!

Their way is dark, with perils sown.

Do I dread my personal woe? oh!

I fear the royal cab o’erthrown.

I run before it and behind, oh!

I wish you would follow your sire.

To my loyalty you’re unkind, oh!

You heed slander and burst in fire.

With frank advice you won’t comply, oh!

I endure and cannot have done.

Be my witness, Ninth Heaven high, oh!

I’ve done all for you Sacred One.

The word you’ve given still remains, oh!

But you go back on it and stray.

Departure causes me no pains, oh!

Of your fickleness what to say?

I grow spring orchids in fields nine, oh!

And a hundred acres of clover.

I plant peonies line by line, oh!

Mixed with fragrant grass all over.

I’d see their leaves green and blooms red, oh!

And reap the fruit in season due.

I am not grieved they’re withered, oh!

But they decay ‘mid weeds in view.

All vie in avarice and greed, oh!

Their lust is never gratified.

Judging others by their own deed, oh!

They’re jealous-minded and green-eyed.

I am not so eager as they, oh!

To run after wealth here and there.

Old age draws near from day to day, oh!

Have I a name lasting and fair?

From magnolia I drink the dew, oh!

And feed on aster petals frail.

My spirit being pure and true, oh!

Do I care to grow lank and pale?

I string clover with gathered vine, oh!

And fallen stamens thereamong.

I plait cassia tendrils and twine, oh!

Some strands of ivy green and long.

I’ll imitate the ancient sage, oh!

Not the vulgar world of today.

Though I displease the modern age, oh!

I will follow the ancient way.

I sigh and wipe away my tears, oh!

I’m grieved at a life full of woes.

Good and just, I hear only jeers, oh!

Morning and night I sufer blows.

I make a belt of grasses’ sweet, oh!

And add to it clovers and thymes.

My heart tells me it’s good and meet, oh!

I won’t regret to die nine times.

The Sacred One neglects his duty, oh!

He will not look into my heart.

The slanderers envy my beauty, oh!

They say I play licentious part.

The vulgar praise what is unfair, oh!

They reject common rules with pleasure

They like the crooked and not the square, oh!

Accommodation is their measure.

Downcast, depressed and sad am I, oh!

Alone I bear suferings long.

I would rather in exile die, oh!

Than mingle with the vulgar throng.

The eagle cleaves alone the air, oh!

Since olden days it has been fleet.

The round cannot fit with the square, oh!

Who go different ways ne’er meet.

I curb my will and check my heart, oh!

Endure reproach as well as blame.

I’d die to play a righteous part, oh!

The ancient sages would bear no shame.

Regretting I’ve gone a wrong way, oh!

I hesitate and will go back.

Before I go too far astray, oh!

I wheel my cab to former track.

I loose my horse by waterside, oh!

At Pepper Hill I take a rest.

I won’t advance to turn the tide, oh!

I will retire to mend my vest.

I’ll make a coat with lotus leaves, oh!

And patch my skirt with lilies white.

Unknown, I care not if it grieves, oh!

My heart will shed fragrance and light.

I raise my headdress towering high, oh!

And lengthen pendants sparkling long.

My fragrance ‘mid the dirt won’t die, oh!

My brilliancy ne’er wanes thereamong.

I look around and feast my sight, oh!

On scenes north and south, east and west.

My pendants seem all the more bright, oh!

My fragrance outshines all the rest.

All men delight in what they please, oh!

Alone I always love the beauty.

My body rent, my heart at ease, oh!

Can I change and neglect my duty?

My sister gently comes downcast, oh!

She warns me again and again:

The flood-fighter selfless, steadfast, oh!

By mountainside at last was slain.

Fond of beauty, why are you straight? oh!

Why hold alone your virtue high?

When thorns and weeds o’errun the State, oh!

Could you despise them and stand by?

You can’t dissuade them one by one, oh!

Who would then understand your heart?

There’re many cliques under the sun, oh!

Why hear me not and stand apart?

I follow sages of ancient day, oh!

I judge by heart from fall to spring.

I cross the streams and go south way, oh!

I state my case to ancient king:

The second king of Xia loved songs, oh!

He was indulged in his desire.

He heeded nor dangers nor wrongs, oh!

His five sons threw the land in fire.

The hunter loved each shot to tell, oh! ”

Shooting fox, he led a wild life.

Such wantonness could not end well, oh!

His friend slew him and stole his wife.

The traitor’s son with might and main, oh!

Did what he would without restraint.

All day long he sought pleasures vain, oh!

At last he lost his head blood-stained.

The last king of Xia’s stormy age, oh!

Abused all laws and he lost his crown.

That of Shang burned alive his sage, oh!

His dynasty was overthrown.

Kings Tang and Yu full of respect, oh!

And that of Zhou went the right way.

The good and wise they did select, oh!

They followed the rule as kings may.

Heaven august was fair and square, oh!

It gave to ministers their due.

Only the sages were employed there, oh!

They might rule o’er the land in view.

Looking before and after then, oh!

I find the rules for livelihood.

None would employ those unjust men, oh!

Nor obey those who are not good.

I’ve risked my life and braved death, oh!

I don’t regret I’ve held my ground.

The sage would lose his life and breath, oh!

Like square pegs unfit for holes round.

Melancholy and sad I stay, oh!

Why live I at a time that grieves?

With soft grass I wipe tears away, oh!

Which have streamed down and wetted my sleeves.

I kneel aground and plead my ease, oh!

My heart is glad to find the true.

Dragon and phoenix start my race, oh!

I rise on wind into the blue.

At dawn I leave the E’ergreen State, oh!

At dusk I reach the mountain’s crest.

I halt before Celestial Gate, oh!

To see the sun sink in the west.

I bid the Driver of the Sun, oh!

To Holy Mountains slowly go.

My way ahead’s a long, long one, oh!

I’ll seek my Beauty high and low.

I drink my steeds in the Sun’s Bath, oh!

I tie their reins to giant tree.

I break a branch to brush Sun’s path, oh!

I wander for a while carefree.

The Moon’s Charioteer goes before, oh!

The curtain-rolling Wind runs after.

To clear the way the phoenixes soar, oh!

The Lord of Thunder bursts in laughter.

I order giant birds to fly, oh!

All day long, by night as by day.

The whirlwinds gather up on high, oh!

The rainbow greets me all the way.

They part and join in proper order, oh!

In various hues and up and down.

To open I bid Heaven’s Porter, oh!

He looks at me with a deep frown.

The day grows dark, its end is night, oh!

Twining orchids, I linger there.

The beauty’s oft viewed with green eye, oh!

The foul can’t be told from the fair.

I tether steeds on Endless Peaks, oh!

After I crossed the Deathless Stream.

Gazing back, tears run down my cheeks, oh!

On high I find no beauty of my own.

I visit Vernal Temple hall, oh!

Adorn my belt with jasper bough.

Before the jasper blossoms fall, oh!

I’ll send them to my Beauty below.

I bid the Lord of Cloud above, oh!

To find a stream the Nymphean Queen.

I give my belt as pledge of love, oh!

To Lord of Dream as go-between.

She comes and goes, we meet and part, oh!

Irreconcilably, I deem.

She passes the night with her sweetheart, oh!

And washes her hair in the stream.

She’s arrogant, though fair and bright, oh!

She is wanton beyond compare.

She’s beautiful but impolite, oh!

I will seek a beauty elsewhere.

I look around from side to side, oh!

Go down after circling the sky,

And find the Swallow’s beauteous bride, oh!

Alone in Jasper Tower high.

The falcon woos for me her love, oh!

He tells me that she is not good.

I bid the singing turtledove, oh!

He flies away with false birdhood.

I hesitate like fox in doubt, oh!

I’d go myself but that won’t do.

With gifts the phoenix has set out, oh!

Lest before me my rival woo.

I take no rest and go misled, oh!

I rove and wander here and there.

If the young prince were not yet wed, oh!

I’d stay with his two ladies fair.

My clumsy match-maker, I fear, oh!

Cannot give convincing advice.

The foul, dark world will not revere, oh!

The fair and bright but praise the vice.

From inner hall kept far apart, oh!

The prince won’t wake, though wise and fair.

To whom can I lay bare my heart? oh!

Can I go on like this fore’er?

With magic herbs and slips of bamboo, oh!

I bid the witch for me to divine.

He says, Two beauties will meet, true, oh!

Who won’t admire the fair and fine?

The Nine States are vast in and out, oh!

Can you find beauties only here?

Go far away and put off doubt, oh!

Beauty-lover will call you dear.

Where can you not find fragrant grass, oh!

Why linger in old neighborhood?

The world is dark, a dizzy mass, oh!

Who can tell evil from the good?

Likes and dislikes depend on taste, oh!

This gang appears strange and unfair.

They gird foul mugwort on their waist, oh!

And say orchids unfit to wear.

They cannot tell good plants from bad, oh!

How can they know the precious gem?

In filthy clothes they are clad, oh!

But pepper’s fragrance they condemn.

I’d follow the witch’s advice, oh!

But still I doubt and hesitate.

At dusk I prepare peppered rice, oh!

For the wizard to tell my fate.

All angels shade with wings the sky, oh!

Nine fairies come from Shady Peaks.

The wizard comes in splendor high, oh!

All lend their ear to what he speaks.

Go up and down, look high and low, oh!

For one who’d share your common fate!

As ancient kings share weal and woe, oh!

With ministers and magistrate.

If you love beauty above all, oh!

Why do you need a go-between?

A convict pounding earthen wall, oh!

Was employed by his sovereign.

A butcher brandished his knife, oh!

King Wen raised him to Master Great.

A cowherd sang and played his fife, oh!

Duke Huan made him Lord of the State.

You’re still in the prime of your years, oh!

Time has not yet run out, though fleet.

But autumn birds may cry in tears, oh!

And fragrant grass no longer sweet.

Your jasper branch gleams low and high, oh!

All try to darken it with shade.

On partisans you can’t rely, oh!

Through envy they will make it fade.

The age disordered changes pell-mell, oh!

How can I linger here so long?

Sweet orchids have lost fragrant smell, oh!

Sweet grass turn to weeds stinking strong.

How can sweet plants of days gone by, oh!

Turn to weeds and wormwood unfair?

Is there another reason why? oh!

For beauty no one seems to care.

On orchids I thought to rely, oh!

They’re not so good as they appear.

Beauty is spurned in vulgar eye, oh!

Weeds grow and rise in fragrant sphere.

The pepper flatters and looks proud, oh!

It wants to fill a noble place.

It tries to climb upon the cloud, oh!

But it has nor fragrance nor grace.

All men do so on such a day, oh!

Who can remain unchanged at heart?

Orchid and pepper act this way, oh!

Let alone stream-sage and halt-cart.

I prize my jasper pendant rare, oh!

Despite what other people say.

It’s flower-like, fragrant and fair, oh!

Its sweetness lingers still today.

To wear my pendant I take pleasure, oh!

In search of Beauty I will rove.

In an adorned dress which I treasure, oh!

I’ll seek her below and above.

The witch foretold good luck for me, oh!

I choose to start on a day nice.

I eat the fruit on jasper tree, oh!

I grind fine jasper into rice.

The flying dragons draw my cart, oh!

Bright with ivory on display.

The gang differs from me at heart, oh!

I’ll leave them and go far away.

I turn to Kunlun Mountains high, oh!

The winding way is wide and long.

The rainbow banners veil the sky, oh!

The phoenix bells ring merry song.

At dawn I start from Heaven’s Ford, oh!

At dusk I reach the Western End.

The phoenixes sing in accord, oh!

Their wings with rainbow banners blend.

I go across the Sandy Ridge, oh!

I rove along the River Red.

I bid a dragon serve as bridge, oh!

For me to cross and go ahead.

The way is perilous and long, oh!

I bid cars go another way.

I turn left round Mount Pillar Strong, oh!

“Let’s meet at Western Sea, ” I say.

A thousand chariots in my train, oh!

On wheels of jade run side by side.

I drive eight dragon-steeds amain, oh!

Cloud banners spread like rising tide.

I slow down speed and curb my will, oh!

My spirit soars far, far away.

I sing nine songs and dance my fill, oh!

I steal the pleasure of a day.

I rise to see the splendid sky, oh!

I bow to find my home below.

My horses neigh and my glooms sigh, oh!

Looking back, they won’t forward go.

Epilogue

Alas! none understands me in the State, oh!

Why regret me native village?

Since I can’t rule my kingdom’s fate, oh!

I’d drown myself like ancient sage.

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