《九歌·国殇》英文翻译 -《楚辞》英译-《楚辞》中英双语赏析

《九歌·国殇》是战国时期楚国诗人屈原创作的一首诗,是《九歌》中的一篇。这是追悼楚国阵亡士卒的挽诗。此诗分为两节,第一节描写在一场短兵相接的战斗中,楚国将士奋死抗敌的壮烈场面;第二节颂悼楚国将士为国捐躯的高尚志节,歌颂了他们的英雄气概和爱国精神。全诗生动地描写了战况的激烈和将士们奋勇争先的气概,对雪洗国耻寄予热望,抒发了作者热爱祖国的高尚感情。诗篇情感真挚炽烈,节奏鲜明急促,抒写开张扬厉,传达出一种凛然悲壮、亢直阳刚之美,在楚辞体作品中独树一帜。

国殇[1]

操吴戈[2]兮披犀甲,

车错毂[3]兮短兵接。

旌蔽日兮敌若云,

矢交坠兮士争先。

凌余阵兮躐[4]余行,

左骖殪[5]兮右刃伤。

霾[6]两轮兮絷[7]四马,

援玉枹兮击鸣鼓。

天时怼兮威灵怒,

严杀尽兮弃原野。

出不入兮往不反,

平原忽兮路超远。

带长剑兮挟秦弓,

首身离兮心不惩[8]。

诚既勇兮又以武,

终刚强兮不可凌。

身既死兮神以灵,

魂魄毅兮为鬼雄!

注释:

[1] 国殇:祭祀为国捐躯的将士的祭歌。殇,未成年而死或死于野外。

[2] 吴戈:吴国生产的戈矛,比较锋利。

[3] 毂(gǔ):车轮和轴的连接处。

[4] 躐(liè):践踏。

[5] 殪(yì):死亡。

[6] 霾(mái):埋的假借词。

[7] 絷(zhí):绊住。

[8] 惩:悔恨。

手持吴戈身披犀甲,

战车交错短兵相接。

旌旗蔽日敌兵如云,

箭如雨下战士骁勇。

侵我阵地乱我阵列,

左骖毙命右骖受刀伤。

两轮深陷绊住四马,

主帅举槌猛敲战鼓。

杀声震天鬼神震怒,

全军覆没尸横遍野。

壮士一去永不回头,

平原之路遥遥无边。

佩剑持弓横行沙场,

身首异处壮心不已。

顽强勇敢英武过人,

刚强坚毅不可凌辱。

人虽死去精神长存,

魂魄当为鬼中雄杰。

For Those Fallen for the Country

We take our southern spears, oh! and don our coats of mail;

When chariot axes clash, oh! with daggers we assail.

Banners obscure the sun, oh! the foe roll up like cloud;

Arrows shower crisscross, oh! forward press our men proud.

Our line is broken through, oh! our position overrun;

My left-hand horse is killed, oh! and wounded my right-hand one.

The corpses block my wheels, oh! my chariot is stayed;

I beat the sounding drum, oh! in vain with rods of jade.

By angry Power’s order, oh! our warriors are slain;

Their corpses and horses strew, oh! here and there on the plain.

They came out not to return, oh! to where they belong;

The battlefield’s so vast, oh! their homeward way so long.

With their long sword in hand, oh! and bows captured from the west,

Though head and body sever, oh! their heart’s not repressed,

They were indeed courageous, oh! and ready to fight,

And steadfast to the end, oh! undaunted by armed might.

Their spirit is deathless, oh! although their blood was shed;

Captains among the ghosts, oh! heroes among the dead!

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