归嵩山作
清川[1]带[2]长薄[3],
车马去闲闲。
流水如有意,
暮禽相与还。
荒城临古渡,
落日满秋山。
迢递[4]嵩高下,
归来且[5]闭关。
清人沈德潜于《唐诗别裁集》评此诗说:“写人情物性,每在有意无意间。”可谓十分妥帖。诗人通过描写辞官归隐嵩山途中所见的景色,抒发了恬静淡泊的闲适心情。首联写归隐出发时的情景。嵩山,古称“中岳”,在今河南省西部。颔联写水写鸟,其实乃托物寄情,写自己归山悠然自得之情,如流水归隐之心不改,如禽鸟至暮知还。颈联写荒城古渡、落日秋山,是寓情于景,反映诗人感情上的波折变化。尾联写山之高,点明作者的归隐地点和归隐宗旨。全诗质朴清新,自然天成,尤其是中间两联,移情于物,寄情于景,意象疏朗,感情浓郁。诗人随意写来,不见斧凿之迹,却得精巧蕴藉之妙。
注释:
[1]川:河流。
[2]带:环绕。
[3]薄:草木丛生的地方。
[4]递:遥远。
[5]且:将要。
Coming Back to Mount Song
A clear stream flows along a prairie green;
A cab and horse goes not in haste between.
The running water welcomes fallen bloom;
Together birds fly back in evening gloom.
An age-old ferry leads to dreary town,
The mountain dyed in sunset up and down.
Its range extends east to west,far away;
Behind closed door a hermit here would stay.